1、Section_ Other_Parts_of_the_Module原文呈现The European UnionWhat Is the European Union?The European Union is an organisation of European countries. The countries are independent and are governed in different ways. In the United Kingdom, for example, the head of state is a king or queen. In France, on th
2、e other hand , the head of state is a president. But each of them sends representatives to the European Parliament ，which has some control over what happens in each of the member countries.How Did It StartThe idea of the European Union began in the 1950s . The first members were France, Germany, Bel
3、gium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Italy. Little by little， the number increased during the second half of the twentieth century. By the year 2000, there were 15 member countries. The new countries were Austria, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.How
4、 Many Countries Belong to It Now?In 2004, the European Union increased to 25 members. The Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia, plus the Mediterranean islands of Cyprus and Malta all became members. The expanded European Union has a population
5、 of more than half a billion people, twice as big as the population of the United States.读文清障the European Union 欧盟independent adj.独立的govern /vn/vt.统治；治理government n政府 governor n统治者head/hed/n.领袖；领导人on the other hand 另一方面；反过来说on the one hand 一方面representative /reprIzenttIv/n.代表parliament/plmnt/n.国会；议会
6、which 引导非限制性定语从句，which 在从句中作主语，不能用 that 来代替。该定语从句中又包含一个 what 引导的宾语从句，作 over 的宾语，其中 what 在宾语从句中作主语。start v开始，发起，创建in the 1950s 在 20 世纪 50 年代little by little 一点点地；逐渐地increase v增加其后可接介词 by(增加了)或 to(增加到)。by 在此处表示“到；截止到为止”belong to 属于此短语不用于被动语态或进行时态。plus prep.加上expanded 为过去分词作定语。( 表示被动或动作已完成 )have a popu
7、lation of 有 人口more than 多于；超过twice as big as .的两倍大，此处相当于 which is twice as big as .倍数表达法：倍数词as . as .；倍数词比较级than .；倍数词the n.of .欧盟欧盟是什么？欧盟是欧洲各国的一个组织。这些国家是独立的，并且它们用不同的方式管理。例如，英国的国家元首是国王或女王。另一方面，法国的国家元首是总统。但是每个国家都向欧洲议会派遣代表，该议会对每个成员国所发生的事情都有一定的控制力。欧盟是如何创建的？创建欧盟这一想法始于 20 世纪 50 年代。最初的成员国有法国、联邦德国、比利时、卢森堡、
8、荷兰和意大利。在 20 世纪后半叶，成员国的数量逐渐增加。到 2000 年，发展到15 个成员国。新的成员国有奥地利、丹麦、芬兰、希腊、爱尔兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典和英国。欧盟现在有多少个成员国？2004 年，欧盟扩展到 25 个成员国。捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、波兰、斯洛伐克共和国、斯洛文尼亚再加上地中海的塞浦路斯和马耳他都成了欧盟成员国。扩大后的欧盟拥有五亿多人口，是美国人口的两倍。Read the text in “Cultural Corner” quickly and choose the best answers.1Which of the following
9、 is RIGHT about the European Union?AAn organisation of different cities.BAn independent country governed by the queen.CAn organisation of European countries.2Which of the following countries does NOT belong to the first members of the European Union?AFrance. BLebanon. CBelgium.3How many members are
10、there in the European Union in the year 2000?A9. B15. C6.4Whats the population of the United States?A0.5 billion.B0.25 billion.C1 billion.答案：14 CBBB一、这样记单词记得准 写得对 记得快 记得多.基础词汇1._opposite prep. 在对面 2.sign vt. 签署3.whereabouts adv. 在哪里 4.head n. 领袖；领导人5.parliament n. 国会；议会 6.region n. 地区；区域 7.feature n
11、. 特点 .拓展词汇1.agreement n协议；契约agree v同意disagree v不同意disagreement n不同意2.govern vt.统治；治理 government n政府3.representative n代表 adj.典型的，有代表性的represent v代表；作为的代言人 4.geographical adj.地理的geography n地理(学)；地理环境5.produce n产品；农产品 product n产品production n生产；产量 1.opposite prep.在对面；相对的，相反的，对面的记法 oppose (反对) ite (形容词后缀
12、) 反对的，对立的2.sign vt.签署形近 signal 信号 sing 唱歌design 设计 sigh 叹息，叹气sight 视力，景象 3.parliament n国会；议会联想 后缀ment 名词集锦development 发展 agreement 协议；契约 encouragement 鼓励 experiment 实验 4.feature n特点形近 feather 羽毛 further 进一步的(地)farther 更远的(地)二、这样记短语记牢固定短语 多积常用词块1.refer_to 指的是2in_terms_of 据；依照3compared_with 和相比4on_the
13、_other_hand 另一方面；反过来说5little_by_little 一点点地；逐渐地6belong_to 属于7increase_to 增加到8have_a_population_of 有人口1.Whereabouts is .？ 在什么地方？2the European Union 欧盟 3be governed in different ways 用不同的方式管理 4the European Parliament 欧洲议会 5have some control over what happens对发生的事有一定的控制力 6member countries 成员国 7the popu
14、lation of the United States美国的人口 三、这样记句式先背熟 再悟通 后仿用1 has some control over what happens in each of the member countries.对每个成员国所发生的事情都有一定的控制力。what 引导的宾语从句。I want to know what_he_is_busy_doing now. 我想知道他现在正忙于什么。2.The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people, twice as
15、 big as the population of the United States.扩大后的欧盟拥有五亿多人口，是美国人口的两倍。倍数表达法，即“.倍数as形容词或副词的原级as .”。This tree is three_times_as_tall_as that one. 这棵树是那棵的三倍高。1(教材 P4) opposite prep.在对面 adj.相反的 n.相反的事物；对立的人(或物) adv.在对面(1)be opposite to 在对面；与相反(2)oppose v. 反对；反抗；与(某人) 较量be opposed to 反对；与对立 The medicine wil
16、l have an opposite effect on her health.这种药对她的健康会产生相反的作用。The two heads opinions are_opposite_to each other.这两位领导人的意见相左。He tends to get angry when people oppose (opposite) to his plan.别人反对他的意见时，他很容易生气。The parents strongly opposed (oppose) their daughter going there alone.父母极力反对女儿单独去那里。名师点津 oppose 后跟表
17、示动作的词作宾语时，后面要用动名词形式。be opposed to结构中， to 是介词，其后也要用动词的 ing形式。2(教材 P7)Do we know how many people the third sentence refers to?我们知道第三个句子提到了几个人吗？refer to 提到，谈到，涉及；参考，查阅；指的是 一词多义 写出下列句中 refer to 的含义 She referred to the landmark in her report.提到 Can we refer to our textbooks when we are in the exam? 参考Whe
18、n I was saying the paper, I wasnt referring to the agreement.指的是 The new law does not refer to the land used for farming. 涉及 名师点津 (1)refer to 短语中 to 是介词，后可接名词、代词或动名词，不接动词不定式。(2)常见的 to 为介词的动词短语还有：stick to 坚持 object to 反对pay attention to 注意look forward to 期待3(教材 P7)France and Germany arent going to si
19、gn the agreement. 法国和德国不打算签署这个协议。sign vt.签署；签名 vi.打手势，示意 n手势；符号；招牌；征兆，迹象 一词多义 写出下列句中 sign 的含义In the agreement I saw his name sign in larger letter by chance. 签署The son used sign language to tell his mother what happened. 手势There are signs of an improvement in the economy.迹象The sign on the bus read “
20、Private: Not In Service”. 标牌Youve left out a plus sign. 符号(1)sign (to sb.) to do sth. 打手势(让某人) 做某事sign in/out 签到/签退sign up (for) 报名参加(2)a sign of . 的迹象；征兆She signed to the children to_be (be) quiet.她示意孩子们安静下来。For safety reasons, please sign in when you arrive at the building, and sign out when you l
21、eave.基于安全考虑，请在抵达大楼时签到，离去时签退。巧学助记 agreement nC 协议；契约U (意见等的)一致；赞成；同意(1)make/reach/come to/arrive at an agreement 达成协议sign an agreement 签署协议(2)agree v. 同意，赞成agree with 同意(意见、看法等)；(食物、天气、工作、水等)适合某人；与一致agree to sth. 同意(计划、建议、决定等)agree on 就某事达成一致意见agree to do sth. 同意做某事He insisted on writing the agreemen
22、t down in black and white. 他坚持要把契约白纸黑字地写下来。It is reported that they signed an agreement (agree) about education.据报道他们签署了一项关于教育的协议。The two cities have reached/made/come to/arrived at an agreement to develop science and technology.这两个城市就发展科学技术达成了一项协议。The verb must agree with its subject in person and
23、number.动词必须在人称和数上和主语保持一致。名师点津 (1) 后接表示人的名词或代词时，一般只用 agree with。(2)agree 不能接不定式的复合结构，所以汉语的 “同意某人做某事”，不能直译为 agree sb. to do sth., 而应根据情况改用其他结构：They agreed to let me go.()They agreed to my going.()They agreed me to go.()他们同意我去。4(教材 P9) In terms of size and population, how big is the European Union comp
24、ared with China?就面积和人口来说，与中国相比，欧盟有多大？in terms of 据；依照 in the long term 从长远来看in the short term 就眼前来看be on good/friendly/bad terms (with sb.) (与某人) 关系好/ 坏 This book is a great success in terms of its sales.这本书就其销量而言很成功。Even small improvements can make a great difference in_the_long_term. 从长远看，即使很小的改善也
25、能引起一个很大的差异。All of my roommates are on good terms with each other.我的室友们关系都很好。联想发散 in terms of 是高考中的高频短语，属于“inn. of”结构。类似的短语还有：in need of 需要 in place of 代替，取代 in honor of 为了纪念 in case of 如果，假使 compared with/to 与相比较( 常在句中作状语) (1)compare A with B 把 A 和 B 进行比较compare A to B 把 A 比作 B(2)comparison n. 比较 Co
26、mpared with/to him, Im just a beginner. 和他相比，我只是一个初学者。Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚曾把世界比作舞台。Compared (compare) with many women, she was very fortunate. 和许多女人相比，她算是很幸运的了。This book is funny and easy to understand in comparison (compare)相比较来说，这本书很有趣而且容易理解。5(教材 P9) Little by little, th
27、e number increased during the second half of the twentieth century. 在 20 世纪后半叶，成员国的数量逐渐增加。little by little 逐渐地；一点点地Hell learn Chinese little by little.他会逐渐掌握汉语。Little_by_little we began to get to know him.渐渐地我们开始了解他。联想发散 与 little by little 有类似结构的短语还有：year by year 一年年地 one by one 一个接一个地 bit by bit 一点
28、一点地 step by step 逐步地 side by side 肩并肩6(教材 P9) How Many Countries belong to It Now? 欧盟现在有多少个成员国？belong to 属于；是的成员The island belongs to Spain.这个小岛隶属于西班牙。He belongs (belong) to the golf club.他是高尔夫俱乐部的成员。名师点津 (1)belong to 中的 to 是介词，后面接名词、代词等。(2)belong to 不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时。The house is belonging to my brot
29、her.()The house is belonged to my brother.()The house belongs to my brother.()这房子是我哥哥的。1But each of them sends representatives to the European Parliament, which has some control over what happens in each of the member countries.但是每个国家都向欧洲议会派遣代表，该议会对每个成员国所发生的事情都有一定的控制力。句中 what happens in each of the
30、member countries 为 what 引导的宾语从句，作介词 over的宾语。what 常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。what 在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：(1)它在相应的名词性从句中有一定的意义，常表示“什么 ”“所的”“的样子”等。(2)它在相应的名词性从句中作句子成分，而且常作主语、宾语或表语。What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.过去认为不可能的事现在已经变成现实。No one can tell what_will_happen_next. 没人能
31、够预见以后会发生什么。This book is just what I have been looking for. 这本书正是我一直在寻找的那本书。名师点津 that 也可以引导名词性从句，但 that 引导名词性从句时仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在从句中不作任何句子成分。What worried her was that her son was addicted to computer games.让她担心的是她儿子沉迷于电脑游戏。2The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people,
32、 twice as big as the population of the United States.扩大后的欧盟拥有五亿多人口，是美国人口的两倍。句中的 twice as big as .是一种倍数表达方式。倍数表达法的三种基本形式为：(1) .倍数as 形容词或副词的原级as .Asia is four times as big as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(2) .倍数形容词或副词的比较级than .Asia is four times bigger (big) than Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(3)倍数the size/length/width /heigh
33、t/depth of .Asia is_four_times_the_size_of Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。名师点津 英语中，用 twice 或 double 表示两倍；三倍及三倍以上用 “基数词times”，如 three times, four times。.单句语法填空1I have examined all the documents referring (refer) to the matter. 2He entered the dining hall and then took a seat opposite to me.3Many students signed u
34、p for the 800meterlong race in the sports meeting to be held next week. 4The two sides have finally reached an agreement (agree), though some small differences still exist. 5Many developed countries have agreed to_help (help) the less developed ones but it remains to be seen whether they will take a
35、ction or not. 6It is difficult to find a satisfying job today. This job is great in terms of salary, but it has some disadvantages.7Little by little, the wind died down and people began to appear on the street. 8Compared (compare) with a quite ordinary star, like the sun, the earth is small indeed.
36、.完成句子1. Little_by_little,_his eyes adjusted to the light. 逐渐地，他的眼睛适应了光线。2Which of the two techniques is better in _terms_of application? 就应用而言，这两种技术哪一种更好？3Just compare_the_room that has been cleaned with the others. 把打扫过的房间与其他的作比较。4The teacher often tells us the future belongs_to_us. 老师经常告诉我们未来属于我们。
37、5If you dont know what it means, refer_to_the_dictionary. 如果你不知道它的意思，可以查词典。6The house opposite_ours was burnt down last night. 我们家对面的房子昨晚烧毁了。7Do not put off till tomorrow what_you_can_do_today. 今天可以干好的事情绝不要拖到明天。8The big stone is three_times_as_heavy as that one. 这块大石头的重量是那块的三倍。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高本课语言点针对练
38、习.单词拼写1What is the feature (特点) of todays TV program? 2On Tuesday the countrys parliament (议会) voted to establish its own army. 3Many representatives ( 代表) of the older generation were there. 4The country is right now governed (统治) by a group of army officers. 5The hospital has an ideal geographical
39、 (地理的) location. 6Flooding is likely in some coastal regions (地区) of the northeast during the early part of the week.7On the opposite (对面的) wall is hanging one map as well as dozens of pictures. 8Is there an agreement (协议) on how much aid will be sent? .单句改错1Little on little, we began to get to know
40、 the representative.onby 2Prices are always rising these days. Up to now, the petrol price has increased to 20%.第二个 toby3The whole population of the city were excited about the victory of Guangzhou Evergrande.werewas4On the one hand, theyd love to go abroad; but on other hand, they dont want to leav
41、e their hometown.other 前加 the 5The book belonged to me.belongedbelongs 6The new building is twice as taller as the old one beside it.tallertall_.选词填空in terms of， belong to， have more control over， compared with， on the other hand， increase to， little by little， refer to， have a population of， in dif
42、ferent ways1On the one hand, hospitals lose money. But, on_the_other_hand,_if people are healthy, dont think of it as losing money; think of it as saving lives. 2John hadnt been able to stop smoking suddenly; he had to control his smoking desire_little_by_little.3It seems better to think about the s
43、ubject in_different_ways.4India has_a_population_of more than 1 billion. 5In_terms _of speed and comfort, a bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train.6Some teachers have_more _control_over pupils than their parents.7.The number of the workers in this factory has
44、increased_to 300. 8What I have to say refers _to all of you. 9The dictionary as well as grammar books that have bookmarks in them belongs_to Jane.10Though I am improving in my study, I still have a long way to go compared_with some of my classmates.本单元语言点温故练习.单句语法填空1The price of beer ranged from 50
45、cents to D|S4 per litre during summer. 2Jerry was very excited to see the playground where she used to play football covered (cover) with lots of snow.3Shanghai, situated (situate) on the Huangpu River, is the largest city of China. 4About 30 percent of the pupils were (be) absent that day. 5Not unt
46、il he went through real hardship did he realise the love we have for our families is important.6I think he eats my food because of his greed, not hunger. 7Sweet foods such as chocolate can cause you to put on weight. 8Do you know that Yuan Longping is known as father of hybrid rice? 9Ever since midd
47、le school, my sister Wang Wei and I have_dreamed (dream) about taking a great bike trip.10Everyone needs a hand when faced (face) with challenges.完成句子1For a moment nothing happened. Then came_voices all shouting together. 一时间什么都没有发生。接着传来了所有人一起大喊的声音。2I am_often _asked to do this job.我经常被要求做这份工作。3Both bread and milk are_good_for your health. 面包和牛奶对你的健康都有好处。4Either the teacher or the students are_to_blame. 或者老师或者学生们负有责任。5Doing eye exercises is_good_for your eyes. 做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。6Whether they will hold a party or not has_not_been_decided. 他们还没有决定是否举行派对。7His family are_waiting_for him.
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