1、,PART 1,语法导学,PART 2,达标检测,Period Four GrammarThe Past Participle (3) as the Adverbial,PART1,语法导学,感悟规律 重点难点剖析,感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题,语法感知,1.作状语用的过去分词(短语)和句子的主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，或称为关系，如例句1和例句2。但有的与逻辑主语之间不表示被动关系，如：例句3和例句4，而是表示逻辑主语的状态。 2.过去分词(短语)在句子中可以作原因状语，如例句 ；作伴随情况或方式状语如例句2等。 3.由例句2和例句4可知，作状语用的过去分词(短语)可以转化成相应的 句
2、或 从句。,查看答案,被动,1,3,4,并列,状语,一、过去分词作状语的类型 过去分词(短语)作状语，表示被动的或完成的动作，这时句子的主语和过去分词之间为逻辑上的被动关系。 Written in a hurry，this article was not so good. 因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。 本句中的Written in a hurry即为过去分词短语作状语，表示这篇文章是被写的，而且已经被写完。过去分词通常在句中作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语、方式状语和伴随状语等。,语法精析,1.过去分词作时间状语，在句中相当于一个时间状语从句。 Asked about his ad
3、dress(When he was asked about his address)，the boy didnt respond. 问及他的地址时，小男孩没有作答。 2.过去分词作原因状语，在句中相当于一个原因状语从句。 Encouraged by the progress he has made(As he is encouraged by the progress he has made)，he works harder. 由于受到所取得的进步的鼓励，他工作更努力了。,3.过去分词作条件状语，在句中相当于一个条件状语从句。 Given more time(If they were give
4、n more time)，the trees could grow taller. 如果再多给一点时间，这些树会长得更高。 Heated to a high temperature(If it is heated to a high temperature)，water will change into vapor. 如果加热到高温，水就能变成蒸气。 4.过去分词作让步状语，在句中相当于一个让步状语从句。 Though warned of the storm(Though they had been warned of the storm)，the farmers were still wor
5、king in the fields. 尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。,5.过去分词作方式、伴随状语，在句中相当于一个并列句。 Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom. The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of students. 老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。 注意：过去分词(短语)作状语时，前面有时可以加上when，if，while，though，even if，until，unless等
6、连词，这种结构可以看作是一种省略的状语从句(省略部分多为“主语be的多种形式”)。需要注意的是，省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同或为it。,Even if invited(Even if Im invited)，I wont take part in the party. 即使受到邀请，我也不会参加这个聚会的。 拓展 有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost迷路，沉溺于；seated坐；dressed in穿着；tired of厌烦；faced with面临；accustomed to习惯于等。 Lost in deep thought，he
7、 didnt hear the sound. 因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。 Dressed in a new dress，she looks very beautiful. 穿着一件新衣服，她看上去很漂亮。,二、过去分词作状语时的位置 过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。 Told that his mother was ill，Li Lei hurried home quickly.(原因状语) 得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。 The old
8、 man walked into the room，supported by his son.(方式状语) 老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。,三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别 过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。 助记 分词作状语记忆口诀 分词作状语，主语是问题。 前后两动作，共用一主语。 主语找出后，再来判关系。 主动用-ing，被动用-ed。 Used for a long time，the book looks old.(动宾关系) 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去陈旧。,Using the book，I fi
9、nd it very useful.(主谓关系) 在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。 注意 无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。 If caught，the police will punish the thief.() If caught，the thief will be punished by the police.() If the thief is caught，the police will punish him/her.(),单句语法填空 1.Ordinary soap， (use) correctl
10、y，can deal with bacteria effectively. (2018北京) 2. (order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.(2016北京) 3.If (accept) for the job，youll be informed soon.(2015北京) 4. (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.(2015重庆),高考链接,查看答案,
11、used,Ordered,accepted,Raised,5. (absorb) in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching. (2015天津) 6. (found) in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.(2013安徽),查看答案,Absorbed,Founded,PART2,达标检测,当堂检测 基础达标演练,1. (compare)with the western medicines high fees，TCM has
12、 a reasonable price that ordinary people can afford.(2018江西宜春中学诊断) 2. (design) very cleverly to fit into corners，the shelf doesnt take up much room. 3.The new technology，if (apply) to rice growing，will help increase the grain output. 4.When first (introduce) to the market，these new products in their
13、 company enjoyed a great success. 5. (disappoint) at failing in the math exam，John wouldnt like to talk about it to his parents.,.单句语法填空,查看答案,Compared,Designed,applied,introduced,Disappointed,6. Discussing many times，the problems were settled at last. 7.If teaching properly，anyone can learn how to o
14、perate the machine. 8. Beating by the opposite team，we didnt lose heart. 9.The child behaves very well，well up bringing by his parents. 10.The teacher stood there， surrounding by a group of students.,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误),查看答案,Discussed,taught,Beaten,brought,surrounded,11. ，the boy was in low spirits. 受到
15、老师的责备，这个男孩非常难过。 12. ，the player had to drop out of the match. 由于在事故中受伤了，这个运动员只好退出了比赛。 13.We went to the cinema， . 我们满怀兴奋地去了电影院。 14.The boy was sitting on the playground， . 这个男孩坐在操场上，陷入了沉思。 15. ，Ill finish the whole work. 如果再多给我几分钟，我会做完全部工作的。,.完成句子,查看答案,Blamed by the teacher,Injured in the accident,filled with excitement,lost in thought,Given a few more minutes,
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