1、,PART 1,语法导学,PART 2,达标检测,Period Seven GrammarPast Participles & Modals for guessing,PART1,语法导学,感悟规律 重点难点剖析,.过去分词,语法感知,1.At work，it is IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted. 2.Supported by his academic research，Professor Salovey suggests that. 3.People are often mistaken in think
2、ing that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well. 4.Professor Mayer，recognised by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to peoples EQs，recently announced the results of a study on senior high school students. 5.They also showed a better understanding of the disabled students feel
3、ings compared to students who had not been involved in the study.,1.以上句中，句1中的过去分词作 ；句3中的过去分词(短语)作 。 2.以上句中，句5中为单个的过去分词(disabled)作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的；句4中为过去分词(短语)作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的 。 3.句2中的过去分词(短语)在句中作 ；句5中的过去分词(compared)也是作。,查看答案,表语,宾语补足语,前面,后面,状语,状语,.情态动词表示推测,1.I think my French tutor might know one of them.
4、 2.They might be sheltering in a cave. 3.They might have fallen behind. 4.He looks upset.He must be having some problems. 5.I think the old woman must be a nice person. 6.You are wet enough.You must have got caught in the rain. 7.You cant have failed the exam. 8.He cant be home now.He just left five
5、 minutes ago. 9.He cant be playing basketball.The teacher is talking to him about his homework.,1.may/might表示“或许”。句1中，may/might be/do是对现在动作或状态的推测，意为“或许是/做某事”。句2中，may/might be doing 是对_ 的推测，意为“或许正在做某事”。句3中，may/might have done是对_的推测，意为“或许做过某事”。 2.must表示肯定的推测，意为“一定”。句4中，must be doing是对_的推测，意为“一定是在做某事”。
6、句5中，must be/do是对现在动作或状态的推测，意为“一定是/做”。句6中must have done是对_ 的推测，意为“过去肯定做过某事”。,查看答案,现在正在进行的动作,过去情况,现在正,在进行的动作,过去情况,3.cant表示“不可能”。句7中，cant/couldnt have done是对过去情况的推测，意为“不可能做过某事”。句8中cant be/do是对现在动作或状态的推测，意为“不可能做某事”。句9中cant be doing是对_的推测，意为“不可能正在做某事”。,查看答案,现在正在进行的,动作,一、过去分词的用法 1.过去分词作定语 单个的过去分词作定语，常放在被修
7、饰词的前面；如果是分词短语作定语，一般放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。 We are going to discuss the problem discussed at the last meeting. 我们准备讨论上次会上讨论的问题。 注意：(1)过去分词修饰something，anything，everything，nothing，nobody，somebody，anybody及those等不定代词时，要放在这些词的后面。 Is there anything unsolved? 还有什么没有解决的问题吗？,语法精析,(2)及物动词的过去分词作定语时，表示一个被动且完成的动作；不及
8、物动词的过去分词作定语时，只表示一个完成的动作。 the fallen leaves落叶 a developed country一个发达国家 注意：1.过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别： (1)语态不同：过去分词表示被动；现在分词表示主动。 The question given by him was very important. 他给出的那个问题很重要。 The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016. 矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。,(2)时间关系上不同：过去分词表示动作已经完成；现在分词表示
9、动作正在进行。,the changing world变化着的世界 the changed world改变了的世界,boiling water沸腾的水 boiled water开水,developing countries发展中国家 developed countries发达国家,2.过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别,The building built last year is our classroom building. 去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。 The building being built
10、now is our classroom building. 现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。 The building to be built next month is our classroom building. 下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。,2.过去分词作状语 (1)作时间状语 Once published，the dictionary will be very popular. 一旦出版，这本词典将大受欢迎。 (2)作原因状语 Deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry. 由于被这个故事深深地感动了，孩子们开始哭了起
11、来。 (3)作条件状语 Given more time，I could do it much better. 如果多给点时间，我会做得更好。,(4)作让步状语 Repaired many times，the car still broke down on the road. 尽管修了许多次，这辆车仍然在路上坏掉了。 (5)作伴随状语 The professor sat there，surrounded by a lot of students. 教授坐在那儿，许多学生围着他。,3.过去分词作宾语补足语 过去分词可用在下列词的后面作宾语补足语。 (1)表心理状态和感觉的动词，如feel，see，
12、hear，watch等。 Almost no student is seen punished in this school. 在这所学校几乎看不到学生被惩罚。 (2)表“致使”意义的动词，如make，get，have，keep等。 He managed to make himself understood. 他让别人明白了他的意思。,(3)表“希望”“要求”等意义的动词，如want，wish，order，like等。 I want the problem settled tonight. 我希望问题今晚能得到解决。 4.过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语，除了可以用在系动词be之后外，还可用于g
13、et，become等之后，表示主语所处的状态。 I was surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game. 在比赛中看见小吉米跑得这么快，我非常惊讶。,二、表示推测的情态动词 1.must用于肯定句中，意为“想必是，一定是”，表示肯定的推测。,对现在的推测) be doing(对此刻的推测) have done(对过去的推测),must,The ground is rather wet，so it must have rained last night，didnt it? 地上非常湿，所以昨晚一定下雨了，不是吗？,2.may/mig
14、ht/could用于肯定句中，意为“有可能”，表示不太肯定的推测。,do(对现在的推测) be doing(对此刻的推测) have done(对过去的推测),may/might/could,Jane might be sleeping at home now. 简现在可能在家睡觉呢。 Your mother might have known the whole truth. 你妈妈或许知道了全部真相。 My friend might be wondering why I wont attend his party. 我的朋友或许正在纳闷，我为什么不去参加他的派对。,3.can表推测时，主要用
15、于否定句和疑问句中；但表示客观可能性时用于肯定句中，常译为“有时也会，有可能”。 Where can Mary have gone？She cant have gone to school.It is Sunday. 玛丽究竟到哪里去了？她不可能上学去了，今天是星期天。 In spring，it is usually warm here，but sometimes it can be cold. 春天，这里通常很暖和，但有时可能会很冷。,4.“情态动词have done”的用法。 (1)can have done表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定，通常用在疑问句和否定句中。 He cannot
16、 have forgotten it. 他不可能忘记的。 Can he have gone to his aunts? 他可能去了姑姑家吗？,(2)could have done可用来表示推测，意为“可能已经”，也可以表示“本可以做某事而未做”。 He wasnt at home last night.He could have gone to the movies. 他昨晚不在家，可能去看电影了吧。 The accident could have been avoided. 这场事故本来是可以避免的。,(3)should/ought to have done意为“过去该做某事而没有做”，表示
17、说话者“后悔、遗憾或责备”的语气。 I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard，but it was too late. 我真后悔浪费了本该努力学习的光阴，但现在后悔已经晚了。 (4)shouldnt/oughtnt to have done意为“过去不该做某事却(已经)做了”，也表示说话者“后悔或责备”的语气。 Im sorry for the words；I shouldnt have said to you like that. 我很抱歉我所说的话，我本不应该那样对你说的。,(5)neednt
18、have done表示“本不必做某事却已经做了”。 Look，you neednt have bought those sweaters for me.I have just knitted one. 看，你本不必给我买那些毛衣，我刚织了一件。 5.陈述句中must，can(could)，may(might)等表推测时的反意疑问句。 陈述句部分中的情态动词表推测时，要根据陈述句部分的真实结构，在附加疑问句部分采用与其相符合的助动词形式。 You must be a writer，arent you? 你肯定是一个作家，对吧？(对现在情况的推测),She must be sleeping now
19、，isnt she? 她现在一定在睡觉，对吗？(对此时此刻正在发生的事情的推测) He couldnt have attended your birthday party last night，did he? 他昨天晚上不可能参加了你的生日聚会，对吗？(含有明确的过去时间状语或没有明确的过去时间状语，但谓语动词强调的是过去，视之为对过去情况的推测，附加疑问句部分应采用助动词did。) He must have studied English for many years，hasnt he? 他学英语一定很多年了，是不是？(没有明确的过去时间状语且谓语动词强调完成，视之为对现在完成情况的推测，附
20、加疑问句部分应采用助动词have/has。),.单句语法填空 1.I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel (challenge).(2018全国) 2.To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study (conduct) in Australia in 2012.(2016浙江) 3.George have gone too far.His c
21、offee is still warm.(2016浙江) 4. (order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.(2016北京),高考链接,查看答案,challenged,conducted,cant,Ordered,5.In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message (hide) within the work.(2016江苏) 6.It was really annoying；I get access to the d
22、ata bank you had recommended.(2016天津) 7.I have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.(2015天津) 8. (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.(2015重庆) 9. (absorb) in painting，John didnt notice evening appr
23、oaching. (2015天津) 10.You be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.(2015重庆),查看答案,hidden,couldnt,neednt,Raised,Absorbed,must,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.In their spare time，they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden.(2017全国，短文改错) 2.Mom was grateful and moving.(2016四川，短文改错),查看答案,
24、interested,moved,PART2,达标检测,当堂检测 基础达标演练,.单句语法填空 1.Facing the situation，the sales manager looked .(puzzle) 2. (found) in 1993，the EU，together with the US，is one of the two largest economies in the world. 3.I didnt know the girl (suspect) of having taken the money. 4.She looks (worry) these days.What
25、do you think has happened to her? 5.Claire had her luggage (check) an hour before her plane left. 6.Hongcun， (fill) with lakes and beautiful Anhui-style buildings，is 900 years old.,.单句语法填空,查看答案,puzzled,puzzling,Founded,suspected,worried,checked,filled,7.I had a special experience last night.My car e
26、ngine suddenly stopped in the middle of a (desert) road. 8.Another tradition is to have their photographs (take). 9.In the end，each graduate received a pocket-size copy of the Constitution (sign) by Roberts. 10.Hearing the news，he became very sad and (disappoint).,查看答案,deserted,taken,signed,disappoi
27、nted,11.The old lady after the long walk now. 走了这么长的路，那位老太太现在肯定累了。 12.You her the truth yesterday， you? 昨天你本不该告诉她事实的真相，不是吗？ 13.You better，but you didnt try your best. 你本来可以做得更好，但你没尽你最大的努力。 14.The temperature here 39 in summer. 这里的温度在夏天有时可能会达到39。,.完成句子,查看答案,must be tired,shouldnt have told,did,could/might have done,can reach,15.You so long a composition.The teacher said 100 words would be enough. 你没有必要写这么长的一篇作文。老师说100词就足够了。,查看答案,neednt have written,
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