1、Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China,写作专题,内容索引,Period Three Grammar & Writing,语法专题,语法专题,.用where，when，whose，who，which填空 1.Ancient China was a place states were often at war with each other. 2.But it was also a time there were many great philosophers. 3.Confucius is the philosop
2、her influence has been the greatest. 4.Mozi was another teacher was very influential. 5.He came from a family was very poor.,限制性定语从句和“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,where,when,whose,who,which,.用适当的介词填空 1.This is the watch which I am looking. 2.The man whom you talked is my friend. 3.The plane which we flew to Cana
3、da is very comfortable. 4.I still remember the day which I first came to the school. 5.We depend on the land which we get our food.,for,with,in,on,from,.限制性定语从句,一、关系代词的用法 关系代词的一般用法列表如下：,The man who was here yesterday is a painter. 昨天在这里的那个人是位画家。(who作主语) The man who I saw is called Smith. 我见到的那个人叫史密斯
4、。(who作宾语，亦可省略) A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read. 用铅笔写的信很难读。(that作主语，指物) This is the book which/that has been translated into many languages. 这就是那本被译成多种语言的书。(which/that作主语),She is no longer the girl (that) she was before she went to college. 她已不是上大学前的她了。(that作表语，指人) This is the
5、 scientist whose name is known all over the country. 这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。(whose作定语，指人) Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in. 没有人要这个屋顶已坍塌了的房子。(whose作定语，指物) I dont like such person as he. 我不喜欢像他这样的人。(as作表语，指人),用适当的关系代词填空 (1)She lives in a house windows all face south. (2)Jack is always ready to h
6、elp others is a very kind-hearted man. (3)He is the man I saw yesterday. (4)The train has just left is for Nanning. (5)This was the same situation I imagined.,题组训练1,whose,who,who/whom/that,which/that,as,二、关系副词的用法 关系副词的一般用法列表如下：,Well never forget the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded
7、. 我们绝不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。 The office where he works is on the second floor. 他工作的办公室在二楼。 The reason why he didnt come was not made clear. 他没来的原因没有弄清楚。,用适当的关系副词填空 (1)I still remember the day I became a college student. (2)That is the reason he is leaving so soon. (3)I forgot the house the Smiths lived.,
8、题组训练2,when,why,where,三、关系代词as引导的定语从句 as可以用作关系代词，既可以单独引导定语从句，又可与主句中的the same或such相呼应，从句中的谓语动词常省略。 We jumped for joy at the news，as was natural. 我们听到消息时高兴地跳了起来，这是很自然的事情。 We do the same work as they (do). 我们和他们干同样的活。He is not the same man as he was. 他和从前不一样了。 I hope to get such a dictionary as he is us
9、ing. 我希望得到像他正在用的那样的一本词典。,用适当的关系代词填空 (1)Such books you bought are useful. (2)He is wearing the same coat will make everyone laugh at the sight of it.,题组训练3,as,as,四、关系代词that与which的用法区别 1.关系代词用which不用that的情况 (1)非限制性定语从句中。 He had failed in the maths exam，which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父
10、亲很生气。 (2)关系词前有介词时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun used to live. 这就是鲁迅过去居住的房子。,(3)先行词本身是that时。 Whats that which flashed in the sky just now? 刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么东西？ (4)关系代词后有插入语时。 Here is the English grammar book which，I think，can help improve your English. 这就是那本我认为能帮你提高英语水平的英语语法书。,2.关系代词用that不用which的情况
11、 (1)当先行词是all，everything，nothing，something，anything，much，little，few等不定代词时。 That is all that I want to say. 那就是所有我想要说的。 (2)当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 When people talk about Hangzhou，the first that comes to mind is the West Lake. 当人们谈及杭州时，第一个想到的是西湖。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk
12、 Hill. 在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。,(3)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。 (4)当先行词被the very，the only等修饰时。 This is the very dictionary that helps me a lot. 这正是那本对我帮助很大的词典。 (5)当先行词既指人又指事物时。 They talked about the things and persons that they remembered. 他们谈论了他们所记得
13、的人和事。,(6)在there be句型中。 Theres a foreign man that lives in that village. 有一个外国人住在那个村子里。,用关系代词that或which填空 (1)He did all he could to help us. (2)This is the very bus Im waiting for. (3)It was a crisis for she was totally unprepared. (4)This is the most interesting novel Ive ever read. (5)What is the f
14、irst American film you have seen? (6)Tom has made great progress， makes me happy.,题组训练4,that,that,which,that,that,which,.“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句 一、关系代词的选定 如果先行词指事(物)，关系代词就用which，指人用whom。 This is the classroom in which we studied last year. 这就是我们去年学习用的教室。 There are sixty students in our class，twenty of whom
15、are girls. 我们班有六十名学生，其中二十名是女生。,二、介词的选定 1.根据先行词来选用介词。 The reason for which I came here is that I want to get your help. 我来这儿的原因是我想得到你的帮助。 The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new look. 我曾经工作过的农场呈现出一派新景象。,2.根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词。 The person to whom this letter was addressed died three years
16、ago. 这封信的收信人三年前就去世了。 Volleyball is a sport of which I am very fond. 排球是我很喜欢的运动。 3.根据句意确定介词。 Air，without which man cant live，is really important. 空气确实太重要了，没有它人类就不能生存。,注意：很多情况下关系副词可以用“介词which/whom”来代替。 The day when I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life. The day on which I met the f
17、amous pop star was the greatest day of my life. 见到这位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。 This is a hall where the medical conference will be held. This is a hall in which the medical conference will be held. 医学会议将在这个礼堂召开。,用适当的介词填空 (1)In the dark street，there wasnt a single person whom she could turn for help. (2)The
18、 poor man has no house which he can live. (3)He built a telescope which he could study the skies. (4)I didnt know the reason which he came late. (5)Is this the car which you paid a high price?,题组训练5,to,in,through,for,for,.用适当的关系词填空 1.The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations
19、 for great inventions. (2017北京) 2.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise. (2016北京) 3.Id skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings. (2015全国),that/wh
20、ich,whose,that/which,4.Creating an atmosphere in employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. (2015浙江) 5.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work. (2015天津) 6.As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time he should
21、be able to be independent. (2015陕西) 7.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends. (2015安徽) 8.A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. (2014山东),which,where,when,which,whose,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.Around me in the picture are t
22、he things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.(2017全国，短文改错) 2.The dishes what I cooked were Moms favorite.(2016四川，短文改错),which/that,which/that,或 The dishes what I cooked were Moms favorite.,3.Third，we should find ways to reuse the water used in wash
23、ing，especially bath water for which is quite a lot，and that will save much water. (2012大纲全国，短文改错) 4.Whats more，a good friend is willing to offer the help to which you need，or can at least give you some advice. (2010重庆，短文改错) 5.It is also a window which we can learn about American society.(2008重庆，短文改错
24、),through/from,写作专题,正反对比类议论文是从正反两方面辩证地说明某个观点。正反对比类议论文在高考中占很大比例，是中学英语写作的重点体裁之一。 正反对比类议论文的表现形式是：先提出某个现象，然后进行正反两方面的论述，是一种限定性的写作，其论点、论据和论证相对比较简单。它要求同学们结合题目要求，从正反两个方面陈述各自的理由，要点要全面，层次要清晰，通常最后都要求简述自己的看法，来引发人们的思考。,Writing a discursive essay,正反对比类议论文通常分成四段：第一段综述议论的内容；第二段表述正方观点及理由；第三段表达反方的观点及理由；第四段陈述自己的观点。 正反
25、对比类议论文一般是同一时态，对当前某种观点的议论用一般现在时，对过去讨论的阐述要用一般过去时，最后在表达自己的观点时，要用一般现在时。,正反对比类议论文模板： 导入：第1段 Recently weve had a discussion about whether we should.(导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧) 正文： 第2段：Most of the students are in favor of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons.First，.Second，.Finally，.(列出2
26、3个赞成的理由),第3段：However，the others are strongly against it.(反方观点) Their reasons are as follows.In the first place.Whats more.In addition.(列出23个反对的理由) 结论：第4段 Personally speaking，the advantages overweigh the disadvantages，for it will do us more good，so I support it.(个人观点),1.Last week，we had a discussion
27、about whether. 2.There are two different opinions about. 3.Some think that.，but others say/consider that. 4.Some students are for/agree to it，while/but others are against/disagree to it. 5.On one hand.，on the other hand. 6.Generally (speaking)，more students think we should. 7.First，.Second，.Finally，
28、.,8.Besides/In addition/Also/Apart from it. 9.As a result，.Therefore，. 10.I have my own view about.,请根据下列表格中的提示，就“中学生看电视的利弊”用英语写一篇短文，并谈谈你的看法。,注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。,Step One 审题谋篇 写作要求是根据提示写一篇短文，谈谈中学生看电视的利弊。写作时应注意下面几点： 1.确定文体：这是一篇正反对比类议论文，写作中应注意文章的结构，常分为四段。 2.主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。 3.主体人称：人称应该以第三人
29、称为主，表达自己的观点时要用第一人称。,写作步骤,Step Two 联想词汇 1.对有好处 _ 2.让某人了解/知道 _ 3.国内外 _ 4.另外；而且 _ 5.另一方面 _ 6.影响 _,be good for,keep sb.informed of.,at home and abroad,whats more/besides,on the other hand,affect/have an effect on,Step Three 句式升级 1.人们普遍相信看电视对我们有好处。People widely watching TV is good for us.(宾语从句)watching T
30、V is good for us.(it作形式主语) 2.如果我们每天长时间地坐在电视机前，我们很容易发胖并且还会近视。，we can easily put on weight and become short-sighted.(条件状语从句)，we can easily put on weight and become short-sighted.(现在分词短语作状语),believe that,It is widely believed that,If we sit in front of a TV set for a long time every day,Sitting in fron
31、t of a TV set for a long time every day,Step Four 连句成篇_ _ _,Many of us middle school students enjoy watching TV.It is widely believed that watching TV is good for us.Firstly，it can keep us well informed of whats happening at home and abroad.Secondly，it can increase our knowledge and broaden our view
32、.Whats more，it makes our life colorful and is a good way to relax.On the other hand，watching TV also has some disadvantages to us.First of all，it sometimes wastes lots of time and even affects our studies.Besides，sitting in front of a TV set for a long time every day，,_ _,we can easily put on weight and become short-sighted. From my point of view，we should choose some programs to watch and spend a reasonable amount of time watching TV.,本课结束,
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