1、Unit 2 The environment,基础自测,内容索引,要点探究,达标检测,写作专题,Period Three Task,基础自测,.重点单词 1. vi.排队等候n.队，行列 2. vt.& vi.减少n.减少 3. vi.& vt.钻(孔)，打(眼)n.操练，训练 4. n.措施，方法；尺度vt.测量；估量，判定 5. n.洪水；大批，大量vt.& vi.淹没；泛滥；大量涌入,queue,decrease,drill,measure,flood,.重点短语 1.queue 排队等候 2.turn 变成，成为 3. steps采取措施 4.set 创立，建立 5.devote 致力
2、于，献身于 6.pick 挑选，找出 7.so 到目前为止,up,into,take,up,to,out,far,.重点句式 when引导的表语从句 This is you must draw a conclusion. 这时你必须得出一个结论。,when,要点探究,Desertification，the name for what happens when land that can be used to grow crops turns into desert，is a growing world problem. 沙漠化是指能用来种植庄稼的土地变成沙漠这一过程，这是一个日益严重的全球性问
3、题。,be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事 used to do sth. 过去经常做某事(但现在不做了) be used as/for被用作,重点词汇,(1)There used to be a restaurant here. 过去这里有一家餐厅。 (2)He got used to early. 他已经习惯早起了。 (3)Ads are often used scrap paper shopping lists. 广告宣传单通常被用来当便条纸列出购物清单。,getting up,as,for,单项填空
4、 (4)We work in a different city and have been in this new one for over two months.Now we the new life here. A.are used to；are using to B.are used to；used to C.used to；are used to D.used to；used to,答案,解析,解析 句意为：我们过去在不同的城市里工作，在这个新城市里才2个多月，现在我们已经习惯了这里的生活。used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；be used to do sth. 被用来做某
5、事；be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事。故C正确。,turn into变成，成为 turn on/off开/关(水、煤气或电灯等) turn in交出，上交；上缴 turn to转向；求助于；变成；着手 turn up开大(音量或热量等)；被发现，被找到 turn down关小；调低；拒绝 turn out结果是；生产；培养,(5)First ever all-night tube trains turn London into a city that never sleeps. 史上第一的通宵地铁使伦敦成了一个不夜城。 (6)Be sure to turn of
6、f the light before you leave the room. 离开房间前务必关灯。 (7)You must your uniform when you leave the army. 你离开部队时，必须把军服上缴。 (8)Their talk the change that had taken place in the city. 他们的话题转到了城市发生的变化上。,turn in,turned to,单项填空 (9)Dont worry.Im sure your missing glasses will sooner or later.(2015湖北，26) A.stand
7、out B.break up C.get out D.turn up,答案,解析,解析 句意为：别担心，我相信你迟早会找到丢失的眼镜的。stand out突出，站出来，坚决反对；break up打碎，解散；get out出去，泄露，出版；turn up出现，被找到。故选D。,(10)Tom had to the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.(2015天津，10) A.turn in B.turn down C.turn over D.turn to,答案,解析,解析 句意为：因为太忙，上周末汤姆不得不
8、拒绝了聚会的邀请。turn down拒绝，符合语境。turn in上交；turn over(使)翻转，调转；turn to(使)转向，求助于。,This is one of the cheapest and best ways of decreasing desertification. 这是减少沙漠化最廉价、最有效的方式之一。,decrease v.减少，减小；n.减少 decrease to减少到 decrease by减少了 be on the decreasebe decreasing在减少中 注意：decrease作名词时，常用作可数名词，如have a decrease。,(1)T
9、he population decreased to 1 million last year. 去年人口减少到了一百万。 (2)The population of this city is . 这个城市的人口正在减少。,on the decrease/decreasing,单项填空 (3)It has been reported that exports of that company have decreased3%. A.to B.by C.with D.at,答案,解析,解析 表示减少的数量用by，故选B项。,The centre has over 300 scientists devo
10、ted to finding measures that will stop desertification. 这个中心有300多名科学家致力于寻找阻止沙漠化的措施。,measure n.措施，方法；尺度；v.测量；估量，判定 make sth. to sb. s measure按照某人的尺寸做某物 by measure按尺寸 for good measure 额外 take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事(这时measure通常用复数形式),(1)Mr Smith asked the tailor to make some new clothes to his own
11、 measure. 史密斯先生要求裁缝照他的尺寸做一些新衣服。 (2)Eat at pleasure，drink by measure. 尽情吃饭，适量饮酒。 (3)At the same time they to protect wildlife resources. 同时他们正在采取强有力的措施来保护野生动植物资源。,are taking strong measures,单项填空 (4)The new-found island， 12 kilometres by 7 kilometres，has been purchased by the army as a military base.(
12、2017南通中学高二月考) A.measured B.measures C.which is measured D.measuring,答案,解析,解析 句意为：这个新发现的岛屿，长12公里宽7公里，已经被军队收购成为一个军事基地。measure此处为连系动词，故用动词的-ing形式。,(5)The salesman sold me the car at a lower price and added some fancy gifts .(2018徐州高二期中) A.for example B.for sale C.for good measure D.for one thing,答案,解析,
13、解析 句意为：那个销售员以较低的价格卖给我这辆车，还附送了一些精美的礼品。for example例如；for sale出售；for good measure作为额外增添，另外，作为外加的东西；for one thing一方面。根据语境判断C选项正确。,There are also things that can be done at a national or international level，such as sharing information between countries and using satellites to pick out areas likely to be
14、affected by desertification. 还有些事情需要通过国家的力量或国际合作才能完成，如国与国之间共享信息资源，利用卫星找出可能会受到沙漠化影响的地区。,pick out找出，辨认出，挑选 pick up捡起；搭载；接人；取物；接收(信号等)；(无意中)学会；起色；好转 pick on挑的毛病；找的麻烦,(1)She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job. 在大批的求职者中她被选中来做这项工作。 (2)He is beginning to after the operation. 手术后他的病正在开始好转。
15、,pick up,单项填空 (3)If，from the air，we a few landmarks，we will find it easier to understand the growth of London.(2017扬州中学高二期中) A.pick up B.pick out C.put up D.put out,答案,解析,解析 句意为：从空中向下看，如果挑选出一些地标，我们将更容易理解伦敦的成长了。pick out找出，挑选，根据句意，故选B项。,(4)Valerie has a very beautiful voice，and I can her sound from am
16、ong the general conversations.(2018盐城伍佑中学高二检测) A.pick out B.wipe out C.point out D.figure out,答案,解析,解析 句意为：Valerie的嗓音非常美，我能从众人的谈话中辨认出她的声音来。 pick out找出，辨认出，挑选，故选A项。,This is when you must draw a conclusion. 这时你必须得出一个结论。,表语从句在复合句中作表语，对主语的内容加以补充，有时说明主语的状态。它位于主句的连系动词后，引导表语从句的连接词有that，whether，as if/though
17、，who，what，which，when，where，how，why等。,经典句式,(1)The problem is the meeting will be held. 问题是是否召开会议。 (2)This is our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。,whether,where,单项填空 (3)A ship in harbor is safe，but thats not ships are built for. (2015安徽，25) A.what B.whom C.why D.when,答案,解析,解析 句意为：船停在港口里是很安全的，但那并非建造船的目的。thats
18、 not后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，故选A。why和when是连接副词，不能作宾语；whom指人。,China has taken many steps to stop the process of desertification，including encouraging farmers to build fences (which stop wind from blowing the soil away)，and providing money for people in dry areas to plant more trees and bushes.,
19、难句分析,句式分析 介词短语including.在句中作 。encouraging.和providing.为两个并列的 短语作介词including的 。 自主翻译 _ _,状语,动名词,宾语,中国已采取诸多措施来阻止沙漠化的进程，如鼓励农民搭 建栅栏(这些栅栏能阻止风把土壤吹走)，以及给干旱地区的人们提供资 金，让他们种植更多的树木和灌木。,达标检测,.单词拼写 1.The town was destroyed by after the storm. 2.He joined the long of people waiting for the bus. 3.It is necessary t
20、o the amount of coal used. 4.They took strong (措施) against dangerous driving. 5.The soldiers woke up at dawn for their (操练).,floods,queue,decrease,measures,drills,6.The wind was very strong and the rain just . 7.Teachers like the students their study. 8.The old building was a library. 9.We a committ
21、ee to study the problem. 10.The ground water now.,.选词填空,pour down，be covered with，turn into，set up，be devoted to,poured down,devoted to,turned into,set up,is covered with,.完成句子 11.Six people were killed in the incident，_ (包括一名婴儿). 12._(过去曾经有) a large car park on this site. 13.The problem is (我们应该待在哪
22、里). 14.How many people (受的影响) desertification every year? 15.Its good manners to (排队) when you want to get on the bus.,including a baby/a baby included,There used to be,where we should stay,are affected by,queue up,.单项填空 16.Shanghai Disneyland fantasy fairy-tale castle， about 60 meters high，is the h
23、ighest of that kind in the world.(2017海安中学高二检测) A.measures B.being measured C.measuring D.measured,答案,解析,解析 句意为：上海迪士尼乐园梦幻城堡大约有60米高，是世界同类建筑中最高的。measure此处为系动词，表示“量起来”，用现在分词作定语，故选C。,17.Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement so far by the two sides.(2015天津，9) A.has been reached B.was reached
24、C.will reach D.will have reached,答案,解析,解析 句意为：尽管之前进行了多轮会谈，但到目前为止双方还没达成任何协议。根据时间状语so far可知此处要用现在完成时，主语agreement与动词reach之间为动宾关系，故要用现在完成时的被动形式。,18.What does the model plane look like? Well，the wings of the plane are of its body. (2017盐城田家炳二中高二检测) A.more than the length twice B.twice more than the lengt
25、h C.more than twice the length D.more twice than the length,答案,解析,解析 答句句意为：(飞机)机翼是机身的两倍多长。倍数then.ofn.，故选C。,19.According to the police，the man called “Tuhao” to be a professional cheat in business. A.worked out B.made out C.figured out D.turned out,答案,解析,解析 句意为：根据警察所述，那个叫“土豪”的男士结果是生意场上的专业骗子。work out计
26、算出；make out弄清楚；figure out估算出，明白；turn out结果(是)。,20.It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly my friend. (2018东台创新中学高二月考) A.cut out B.cut down C.pick up D.pick out,答案,解析,解析 句意为：电影院太黑了以至于我几乎找不到我的朋友。 pick out找出，辨认出，挑选，故选D项。,写作专题,写作指导,Designing a poster,海报写作属于应用文写作。海报是一种宣传广告，其内容是提供活动信息、介绍产品或说服别人等。
27、 一、海报的写作格式和内容 海报一般由标题、正文和落款三部分组成。 1.标题 海报的标题写法较多，大体有以下几种形式： (1)单独由文种名构成，即在第一行中间写上“海报”字样。 (2)直接由活动的内容承担题目，如“影讯”、“球讯”等。 (3)可以是一些描述性的文字，如“风采”等。,2.正文 海报的正文要求写清楚以下内容： (1)活动的目的和意义。 (2)活动的主要项目、时间、地点等。 (3)参加的具体方法及一些必要的注意事项等。 3.落款 要求署上主办单位的名称及海报的发布日期。 大多数海报都由以上三部分组成，但在实际的使用中，有些内容可以少写或省略。,二、海报写作的注意事项 1.海报一定要真
28、实、具体地写明活动的地点、时间及主要内容。文中可以用些鼓励性的词语，但不可夸大事实。 2.海报的文字要求简洁明了，通俗易懂，篇幅要短小精悍。 3.海报的版式可以做些艺术性的处理，以吸引观众。,典题示例,假设最近你应学生会要求设计一幅关于环保的海报。请以右面所示图片为海报宣传画，并根据图片写一篇150词左右的说明性文字。要点如下： 1.简要描述图片的内容； 2.气候变化带来的灾难以及启示； 3.我们应该如何做？(至少写两条建议) 参考词汇：北极熊polar bear,写作步骤,Step One 审题谋篇 写作要求是写海报，写作时应注意下面几点： 1.确定文体：这是一篇应用文，是供张贴出来的海报。
29、 2.主体时态：一般现在时、现在完成时。 3.主体人称：第三人称。,Step Two 联想词汇 1.坐在一小块冰上 _ 2.由于 _ 3.逐渐升高的全球气温 _ 4.100年来 _ 5.越来越多的人 _ 6.逐渐意识到做的必要性_ 7.减少碳排放 _ 8.共同努力 _,sit on/seat oneself on a small block of ice,owing to,the rising global temperature,in/over the past 100 years/during the last 100 years,a growing number of people,co
30、me to realize the necessity of doing sth.,cut down on carbon emissions,make joint efforts,Step Three 句式升级 1.冰在融化，北极熊看起来很焦虑。The polar bear looks terrible every second.(since引导原因状语从句)every second，the polar bear gets increasingly anxious.(with复合结构作状语) 2.由于逐渐升高的全球气温，冰山在以惊人的速度融化。，the icebergs are melting
31、 at a surprising speed.(原因状语从句)the rising global temperature，the icebergs are melting at a shocking rate.(owing to表原因),since the ice is melting,With the ice melting,Because the global temperature keeps rising,Owing to,3.据报道，在过去的100年中，海平面上升了10到25厘米。Sea level have risen 10 to 25 cm during the last 100
32、 years. (被动语态)the sea level has risen 10 to 25 cm over the past 100 years.(it作形式主语) 4.我们的星球可以被拯救，我们也一样。Our planet can be saved， .(并列句)Our planet can be saved， .(so引导的部分倒装),is reported to,It is reported that,and we ourselves can be saved too,and so can we ourselves,Step Four 连句成篇,Global Warming Preve
33、ntion The past ten years has witnessed such great changes in our environment that various problems and disasters have appeared one by one.In a very creative manner，this cartoon presents a scene.A polar bear seats itself nervously on a small block of ice and tries to grasp something with all its effo
34、rts.The polar bear looks terrible since the ice is melting every second.,Owing to the rising global temperature，the icebergs are melting at a shocking rate.It is reported that the sea level has risen 10 to 25 cm over the past 100 years.The famous city of Venice is likely to disappear.But this can be
35、 avoided if the rise in the sea level can be stopped. Therefore，a growing number of people have come to realize the necessity of solving this issue.One major measure is to cut down on carbon emissions.However，we have to be united and make joint efforts.And then our planet can be saved，and so can we ourselves.,
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