1、Unit 11 The Media,基础知识提要,根据提示写出英语单词或汉语意。,1. _ n. 传媒 2. _ adj. 当前的 3. _ n. 贫穷 4._ n. 管理 5. _ n. 改革 6. _ vt. 出版 7. _ n. 证据 8. _adj. 合法的 9. _ v 保卫 10. _ adj. 清白的 11. _ n. 勇敢 12. _ n. 虚构的事 13. _ adj. 泥泞的 14. _ n. 无轨电车 15. _ adj. 忠诚地,media,current,poverty,administration,reform,publish,evidence,legal,defe
2、nd,innocent,bravery,fiction,trolleybus,muddy,faithfully,16. unemployment _ 17. interrupt _ 18. blame _ 19. agenda _ 20. committee _ 21. delighted _ 22.willing _ 23. process _ 24. brand _ 25. budget _ 26. visually _27. boom _ 28. concept _29. approach _ 30. contemporary _,失业,打断,责怪,议程,委员会,高兴的,乐意的,过程,牌
3、子,预算,视觉地,迅速增长,概念,方法,当代,词类转换,argue (vt.) _ (n.) 争论；争吵 类似： encourage _ (n.) 鼓励 brave (adj.) _ (n.) 勇敢 类似： slip _ (n.) 滑的；光滑 distinct (v.) _ (n.) 区别；差别 类似： administrate_ (n.) 管理；行政 defend (vt.) _ (n.) 防御；保卫 类似： refer _ (n.) 参考资料 believe (n.)_ (adj.) 可信的 类似： admire _ (adj. )令人钦佩的,按要求写出下列单词的适当形式。,argumen
4、t,encouragement,bravery,slippery,distinction,administration,defence,reference,believable,admirable,6. harm (vt.)_ (adj.) 有害的 类似： pain_ (adj.) 痛苦的 7. politics (n.) _ (adj.)政治上的 类似： physics _ (adj.)体力上的 8.explain (v.) _ (n.) 解释；说明 类似： apply _ (n.) 申请（书） 9.humour(n.)_ (n.) 幽默的 类似： poison _ (n.) 有毒的 10.
5、 poor( adj.) _ (n.) 贫穷 类似： safe _ (n.) 安全,harmful,painful,political,physical,explanation,application,humorous,poisonous,poverty,safety,1. _ 代表 2. _ 对作出反应 3._ 由组成 4._ 被纪念为 5._ 详细地 6._ 有区别；特征 7._ 对负责 8._ 支持；喜爱 9._ 反对 10._ 拒绝 11._ 出现 12._ 公共地 13._ 显眼 14._ 可能,重要词组,stand for,react to,be made up of,be rem
6、embered as,in detail,have the distinction of,be responsible for,be in favor of,be against,turn away,turn up,in public,stand out,be likely to,15._ for the purpose of 16._ hold the attention of 17._ make contributions to 18._ participate in 19._ consist of 20._ get stuck in 21._ according to 22._ jump
7、 out of 23._ comment on 24._ in a way of 25._ as long as,为了,引起的注意,做贡献,参与；参加,包括,陷入,根据,脱离,评论,在某重意义上,只要；有远,二、重要考点突破,1. demand vt. 要求 n. 要求的事物，需求，需要 用法:后跟名词、代词、不定式或从句等 This sort of work demands great patient. 这种工作需要 有很大的力气。 I demand to know the truth.我要求了解真情。 The boss demanded that Mary (should) finish
8、it within a week.老板要求玛丽在一周内完成它。 注意：后跟宾语从句时，从句后谓语动词要用should加 动词原形，其中should可以省略；demand作名词时表示 “要求，要求的事物”时通常为可数名词。表示“需要”时为 不可数名词，有时可加不定冠词。,核心单词,搭配：用适当的词填空。 (1)demand sth. _sb 向某人要某物 (2)demand_ sb to do sth. 要求某人做某事 (3)demand that sb._ sth. 要求某人,of/from,of,(should) do,拓展:根据含义补全相关短语。 (1)_ (great) demand 非
9、常需要的 (2)make demands _ sb.有求于某人 (3)_demand 一经要求，在要求时 (4)_ ones demands 满足某人的要求 (5)their demands _living houses他们对经济适用房的需求,in,on,on,satisfy/meet,for,运用：用demand翻译下列句子： （1）他要求被告知一切事情_ （3）他要求我关上大门。_ （4）我要求你放学前打扫完教室。_ _,He demanded to be told everything.,He demand of me to shut the door.,I demand that yo
10、u (should) finish cleaning the class before school.,2. poverty n. 穷困潦倒 例句：Poverty prevented him from going to college. 他因贫穷而没有上大学。 拓展:将划线部分翻译成英语 （1）形容词：_贫穷的 （2）反义词：_富有 （3）复合词：_ 贫困的，赤贫的 搭配： （1）live in poverty 生活贫困 （2）the poverty line 贫困线 （3）poverty of 缺乏,poor,wealth,poverty-stricken,运用：用poverty翻译下列句子
11、。 (1)他们生活在贫困线以下。 _ (2)他后期创作的故事由于缺乏想象力，不是很有趣。 His later stories are not interesting _ (3)这人失业后就生活在贫困之中。 _ after his unemployment.,They live below the poverty line.,Because of poverty of imagination,The man lived in poverty,3. nation n. 民族；国家 In 1790 the new nation had fewer than four million people.
12、1790年时这个新成立的国家的人口不到四百万。 拓展：写出适当的单词。 (1)_ adj. 国家的，民族的 (2)_ n. 国籍，民族 辨析：nation, state & country(国家) nation侧重指人民，即国民，民族。 state侧重指国家政权。 country侧重指疆土，普通用语。,national,nationality,The President spoke on radio to the nation. 总统向全体国民发表广播讲话。 Should industry be controlled by the state? 工业应该由国家控制吗？ The news was
13、 spread all over the country. 这消息传遍全国。,运用：用nation, state或country填空。 (1)The Chinese _ is a hard-working people. (2)In China, the railways are owned by the _. (3)The whole _ is against the war. (4)She didnt know what life in a foreign _ would be like.,nation,state,nation,country,4. incident n. 事情，小事件，
14、事变 Were there any exciting incidents during your journey?你们在旅途中有没有什么令人激动的事情？ 辨析：incident, event & accident(事件) incident侧重指小事；还有事件，事变的意思。 accident侧重指意外事件和事故。 event侧重指具有重要意义的大事件，体育运动中的比赛项目。,运用：用incident, event或accident填空。 (1)It was quite an _ when a woman first became prime minister. (2)Though it was
15、an _. It impressed me deeply. (3)John was killed in a car _. (4)We are looking forward to watching the sports _ to be held in the city.,event,incident,accident,events,5. blame vt. 责备，归咎于 搭配：用适当的介词填空。 (1)blame sb. _ (doing) sth.为某事责备某人 (2)blame sth. _sb. 把某事归咎于某人 (3)be to blame (_ sth.)应(为某事)承担责任/受责备
16、 注意：be to blame中的blame不能用被动语态。 Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错误而受责备。 Dont always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame.不要总把失败归咎于他人，有时该怪你自己。,for,for,on,运用：翻译下列句子。 (1)他把自己的失败归咎于他的老师。 _ _ (2) 把我们的失败归罪在他头上是没用的。
17、 _ (3)那次事故怪不着孩子们。 _,He blamed his teachers for his failure /He blamed his failure on his teacher.,Its no use blaming our defeat on him.,The children were not to blame for the accident.,拓展: blame作名词的用法。 (1)accept/ bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负 责任。 We were ready to take the blame for what had happe
18、ned. 我们愿对所发生的事负责。 (2)put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎 于某人。 He is trying to lay the blame on me. 他企图把责 任推给我。,6. approach n.方法，接近 v.走进，接近，处理（问题，任务等） She thought of a new approach to solve the problem.她想出了一个新方法来解决问题。 As I approached the house, I noticed a light on upstairs.当我走进家时，我注意到楼上的灯还亮着。 运用
19、：翻译下列句子 (1)我们知道如何正确地处理这个问题。 _ (2)他被警告敌人快到了。 _,We know how to approach the problem correctly.,He was warned of the approach of the enemy.,7. contribution n. 贡献 搭配：make contributions to 对有贡献 He won the 2005 Nobel Prize in physics for their contributions to the development of spectroscope.他因为对光谱学的发展作出了
20、贡献而获得了2005年的诺贝尔奖。 拓展:contribute vt. & vi. 贡献，捐，提供；有助于，是的原因(to) Everyone contributed food to the picnic.人人都为野餐提供了食物。 Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.充足的新鲜空气有利于健康。,运用：用contribution或contribute翻译下列句子。 (1)他对太空发展计划有很大贡献。 _ the space development program. (2)他捐出他所有的钱为本地贫穷的孩子建立一所小学。 _ a primar
21、y school for poor children in this area.,He has made great contributions to,He has contributed all his money to building,8. certain adj. 确定的，一定 用法:certain作表语时意为“确定无疑的”，作定语时意为“某个，某些，某种”。可用于be certain of, be certain to do或It is certain that句型。 Im certain (that) she saw me.我肯定她看见我了。 He is certain to su
22、cceed.=It is certain that he will succeed.他肯定会成功。 A certain Mr Brown telephoned while you were out.你出去的时候，有个叫布朗的先生来过电话.,辨析：certain & sure (1)certain以客观事实为依据；sure强调主观确信，是一般用语。 (2)作定语时意思不同：certain某(个，些)；sure可信的，可靠的。 (3)可说It is certain that但不说It is sure that。,(4)基本相同的用法： make sure of/that查明，确保，弄清楚 be c
23、ertain/sure to do表示说话人(the speaker/writer)确信主语会 be certain/certain of表示主语本人确信 He is sure/certain to come. (说话人认为)他一定会来。 Are you sure /certain of your facts?你能肯定你的资料属实吗?,运用：用certain或sure填空。 (1)He was too _ of her coming. (2)It is _ that your team will win. (3)The project is _ to be a success. (4)She
24、has always been a _ friend. (5)For _reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting.,certain / sure,certain,certain/sure,sure,certain,9. concern vt. 涉及，关系到；关心，关注；使担忧n.有关的事(可数)；忧虑，关心(不可数) That doesnt concern me.那与我无关。 The boys poor health concerned his parents.那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。 She has great concern
25、 for others.她很关心别人。 拓展：concerned adj. 有关的，担心的，忧虑的 搭配： (1)concern oneself with/ in/ about sth. 忙于/关心/担心某事 (2)be concerned with/ in sth. 与有关，涉及，关心 (3)be concerned about/ for sth. 对感到担忧 (4)so/ as far as . be concerned就而言,运用：根据汉语意思，完成下列英文句子。 (1)这消息与你兄弟有关。 The news _. (2)这个男孩在学校很差的表现使他父母很担心。 The boys poo
26、r performance at school _. (3)你不用管这事，我们正在处理它。 Theres no need to concern _this matter; were dealing with it.,concerns your brother,concerns his parents,yourself with,(4)据报道，那个流行歌手涉嫌贩毒。 It is reported that the pop singer is _. (5)忧心忡忡的家长们都为孩子们的安全担忧。 The concerned parents _. (6)就我而言，你可以做你喜欢的事情。 _, you
27、can do what you like.,concerned with selling drugs,were all concerned for the childrens safety,As far as Im concerned,10. escape vi. & n.逃脱，逃走 vt. 避免 用法：表示get free, get away (from imprison or control)时，常与from搭配；表示“避免或躲避(不愉快的事)”时，常接名词或动名词。作抽象意义的逃跑解释时是不可数名词，作具体一次逃跑解释时是可数名词。 The soldiers escaped from t
28、he enemys prison.战士们从敌人的监狱里逃了出来。 None of the criminals escaped punishment/ being punished.罪犯一个也没有逃脱惩罚。 They had little hope of escape.他们几乎没有逃跑的希望了。 There have been several escapes from this prison. 发生过几次越狱事件。,运用：完成下列句子。 (1)狐狸以失去了一条腿代价，逃出了陷阱。 The fox the _ trap at the cost of a leg. (2)没有什么办法能逃脱做这项工作
29、。 There is no way to _the work.,escape doing,escaped from,11. announce vt. 宣布，宣告 He announced to us that the danger was past.他向我们宣布危险已经过去。 搭配：(表示向某人宣布时，sb.前一定要用to) announce sth. to sb. 向某人通报/ 宣布某事 announce to sb. that向某人通报/ 宣布某事 拓展：announcement n. 宣布，宣告，通告 运用：完成下列句子。 (1)我要向世人宣告我的目标(goal)。 I will ann
30、ounce_. (2)我有件重要事情要宣布。 Ive got an important_.,my goal to the world,announcement to make,12. likely adj. 可能的，有希望的 adv. 很可能 用法：可作定语或表语，作表语时，likely常与动词不定式或that从句连用，主语可以是人、事物或it。作副词时常与very, most连用。 What is the most likely result? 最有可能的结果是什么？ They are likely to be free tomorrow.It is likely that they wil
31、l be free tomorrow.他们明天可能有空。 He will most likely come right away. 他大概马上就会来。 运用：完成下列句子。 他很可能不同意。(两种译法),It is likely that he will not agree. =He is likely not to agree.,13. apply vt. 应用，申请 拓展：application n.应用，申请(不可数)，申请书(可数) 搭配：apply A to B 将A应用到Bapply to 适用于apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物 made an appli
32、cation to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物 运用：完成下列句子。 (1)我们应当把理论运用到实践中去。 We should_.,apply theory to practice,(2)安全驾驶之规则适用于每个人。 The rules of safe driving_. (3)我会向经理申请这份工作。 I will apply _. (4)我们曾请求法院调查。 We made an application _ the court _ an inquiry,apply to everyone,to the manager for the job,to for,14. sugges
33、t vt. 暗示，表明；建议 用法：后接名词、动名词或that引导的宾语从句。suggest表示“建议”时，that从句的谓语用“(should +) 动词原形”；表示“暗示，表明”时，that从句的谓语用正常的时态，这时主句的主语通常不是表示人的词。 运用：用所给动词的适当形式填空，并说明理由。 (1)I suggested _ (go) for a walk. (2)I suggested to him that we _ (deal) with the problem another way. (3)His silence suggested that he _ (not agree)
34、to the proposal.,going,(should) deal,didnt agree,15. aim n. 目的，意图；目标 v. 意欲，瞄准 搭配：achieve/ realize ones aim 达到目的，实现目标miss ones aim 打不中目标，达不到目的aim at 瞄准，针对，向某方向努力aim to do sth. 旨在干某事 My aim is to become a policeman.我的目标是当一名警察。 He aims to be a successful writer.他立志成为一个成功的作家。 We aim at quality rather th
35、an quantity. 我们力求质量而不是数量。,运用：完成下列句子。 (1)他已达到目的了。_ (2)我们的目标是将生产增加一倍。 We _ doubling our production. (3)我兄弟立志当小说家。 _,He has achieved the aim.,aim at,My brother aims to be a novelist.,16. comment v. 评论，发表意见n. 评论，意见，解释 注意：comment 后接介词on或upon，表示对后面的所提到的人或事物作出评论，发表意见；若后接介词from，则表示听取别人的意见。 The king refused
36、to comment on the election results. 国王拒绝评论选举的结果。 Youd better have comments from your teachers and classmates. 你最好听听你的老师和同学的意见。 运用：完成下列句子。(至少两种方法) 他对我们的计划没有发表任何意见。 _,He made no comments on our plan. =He didnt comment on our plan.,1. in favor of 赞成，支持 Im in favor of the suggestion.我赞同这个建议。 拓展: be all
37、in favor of 完全赞同 in sbs / sths favor 占优势 come down in favor of 最终决定支持 find / rule in favor of sb. 宣判 /判决某人胜诉 运用：用翻译下列句子。 (1)我完全支持人们出去好好玩一下，只要他们不打扰其他人。 _and enjoying themselves so long as they dont disturb other people. (2)资历较深的部长们发言支持这项议案。 Senior ministers spoke _,重要词组,Im all in favor of people goin
38、g out,in favor of the bill.,2. turn over 交给，反复考虑，翻转 The FBI caught Paul and turned him over to CIA. 联邦调查局拘捕了保罗并把他移交给中央情报局。 运用：根据中文，完成下列句子。 (1)你离开时，这项工程就交给Mary负责。 When you leave, the project _ to Mary. (2)我把钥匙交给了史密斯先生。 I _ the keys _ Mr. Smith. (3)昨天他愤怒地掀翻了桌子。 He _ in anger yesterday. (4)他在脑子里把这个新想法仔
39、细考虑了一下。 He _ in his mind.,will be turned over,turned over,to,turned over the table,turned over the new idea,联想：完成句子或将句子译成中文。 (1)They turned a deaf ear to the peoples sufferings. _ (2)They turned a blind eye to our demands. _ (3)他结果成了叛徒。 He _ a traitor. (4)他查阅了字典并找出了解释。 He _ the dictionary and found
40、the explanation. (5)他已经拒绝了我提出的帮助。 He _ my offer to help.,他们对于人民的疾苦视而不见。,他们对于我们的要求置之不理。,turned out to be,turned up,has turned down,3. consist of 由组成；构成(be made up of) The class consists of 30 boys and 37 girls.这个班由30个男生和37个女生组成。 辨析：consist of & be made up of consist of表示各部分组合成一个整体后，各部分依然保持独立。 be made up of也意为“由组成”，但它强调组成后的各部分已融为一体。 联想：consist in 在于；决定于,运用：句型转换，但意义不变。 (1)I enjoy myself in this class which is made up of 40 girls. I enjoy myself in this class _ 40 girls. (2)This software consists of all kinds of technological crystal. This software _all kinds of technological crystal.,
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