1、 阅读理解A(2018广西适应性检测)Where should an adventurous tourist go? After youve done sightseeing in London，shopping in New York，tasted the local food in Paris，and danced to your hearts content at the Brazilian Carnival，where else can you go? What exotic(异国风情的 ) tourist destination awaits you?Well，Antarctica
2、sounds like the holiday of a lifetime! Its considered the last great wilderness on Earth.Just a few scientists in research stations share the icy landscape with penguins and other animals which can cope with the low temperatures.Tourism began in Antarctica in the 1950s and its still a small scale.Ab
3、out 37，000 tourists are expected there this season，but many wont even leave the boat.The BBCs Juliet Rix visited the frozen continent and asked herself if she should be there at all，causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment.Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints
4、and they all go to the same place，the accessible coastline，which is also where the penguins and seals go to breed.But some people believe that if carefully controlled，tourism can be good for Antarctica.It has no native population and it needs advocates.Visitors to the icy continent might be ready to
5、 support and even to fund its preservation.And theyre likely to engage in the discussion about global warming，which has led to the melting of glaciers.According to Rix，guidelines are followed when youre about to set foot in Antarctica and tourists have to disinfect (为消毒) their boots to make sure no
6、alien species are introduced.And once on land，theres no eating or smoking.Rocks，bone fragmentsnothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind.Tourists fortunate enough to visit Antarctica must be aware that this is not their home and keep their fingers crossed that future gen
7、erations will also be able to enjoy such breathtaking views.【解题导语】 游客应该去南极洲旅游吗？本文介绍了去南极洲旅游的情况和对游客的要求。1According to the second paragraph，we can learn that _AAntarctica has become the best place for people to travelBonly scientists can be allowed to go to AntarcticaCAntarctica is less affected by huma
8、n activitiesDno animals can survive in Antarctica except penguinsC 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句话 “Its considered the last great wilderness on Earth.”可知，它被认为是地球上最后的不毛之地。由此可推知，南极洲受人类活动的影响较小。2Juliet Rixs travel in Antarctica mentioned in the fourth paragraph indicates that _Agovernments should take measures to s
9、top tourists from going to AntarcticaBwhether tourists should go to Antarctica or not should be considered carefullyCthe animals habitat in Antarctica has been seriously affected by tourismDonly journalists begin to pay attention to the environmental protection in AntarcticaB 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“asked h
10、erself if she should be there at all， causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment”以及“Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place”可推知，人们是否应该去南极洲旅游应认真地考虑一下。3Which of the following statements is true according to Rix?ATourists can eat and
11、smoke in Antarctica.BTourists can take something they like from Antarctica.CTourists can throw away something they dont need in Antarctica.DTourists can enjoy the beautiful scenery in Antarctica.D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “theres no eating or smoking.Rocks，bone fragmentsnothing should be taken as a souvenir
12、 and nothing should be left behind”可知，A、B 、 C 三项的说法均与原文不符；根据文章结尾处“to enjoy such breathtaking views”可知，游客可以在南极洲欣赏到惊人的景色。4Which of the following is the best title of this passage?AWhy Can t Tourists Go to Antarctica?BHow Can Tourists Go to Antarctica?CShould Tourists Go to Antarctica?DAre Tourists All
13、owed to Go to Antarctica?C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文的内容可知，文章围绕的是“应该不应该去南极洲旅游？”这一话题，因此 C 项最适合作标题。B(2018南昌模拟)Vitamin B could help lessen the effects of the most dangerous type of air pollution, according to a new study published recently. In the first study of its kind, a team of international researchers looked
14、at the damage caused by one of the pollutants that have the most severe impact on health: PM2.5.Particulate matter, or PM, is a type of air pollutant consisting of small particles of different sizes. PM2.5 has a diameter of fewer than 2.5 micrometers, about 30 times smaller than a human hair. These
15、particles are so small that they can go into our respiratory system(呼吸系统), resulting in lung and systemic inflammation(炎症) and stress.The team found that something as simple as a daily vitamin B supplement could potentially reduce the impact of the tiny particles on the human body, although they str
16、essed that the research was in its early stages and the sample size was small.For this study, 10 volunteers were initially exposed to clean air and given a placebo(安慰剂) to check their responses. The group then took another placebo for four weeks before being exposed to heavily polluted air from down
17、town Toronto, where an estimated 1，000 cars pass every hour. The bad air was delivered to the volunteers through an “oxygentype” face mask. The experiment was then repeated, with each volunteer taking a B vitamin supplement daily made up of 2.5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of vitamin B6, and 1 mg of vita
18、min B12. B6 can be found in liver, chicken and nuts, and B12 in fish, meat, eggs, milk and some cereals.The researchers found that four weeks of B vitamin supplements reduced the damage of PM2.5 exposure by 28%76%. The results highlight how prevention at an individual level could be used to fight th
19、e harmful effects of PM2.5.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。吸入人体内的 PM2.5(细颗粒物)会导致疾病。不过，研究发现维生素 B 在一定程度上能降低 PM2.5 的危害。5Why is PM2.5 harmful to our health?AIt pollutes and poisons the air.BIt is too much to be got rid of.CIt carries viruses and diseases.DIt is easily breathed in and damages our body.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的
20、 “These particles are so small. inflammation(炎症)and stress.”可知，PM2.5(细颗粒物) 很小，能进入我们的呼吸系统，导致肺部和全身炎症。6What can we infer from Paragraph 3?AThe process of the research was not scientific.BThis kind of research has been done many times.CFurther studies are needed to confirm their findings.DVitamin B is h
21、ard to obtain in peoples daily life.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “although they stressed that the research was in its early stages and the sample size was small.”可知，该项研究处于初级阶段且样本规模小，因此还需要更多的研究来证明研究团队的发现。7What is the text mainly about?AInternational researchers have a new finding.BVitamin B could reduce the da
22、mage of PM2.5.CParticulate matter does great harm to our health.DEmission control and regulation are badly needed.B 解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段和第二段谈到 PM2.5 的定义以及 PM2.5 的危害；第三到五段告诉我们维生素 B 能降低 PM2.5 的危害。所以 B 项最能概括文章主旨。8The new study was probably published _Ain a science journalBon a government websiteCin a fashion
23、 magazineDin a medical textbookA 解析：文章出处题。该文的内容为科学研究发现，很可能出自科学期刊。所以 A项正确。完形填空(2018西宁三校联考)I was looking through some old photo albums the other day.I had _1_ done that many times before but I felt a sudden _2_ to see them again.I found myself _3_ so many beautiful memories from my childhood.There was
24、 my dear Nana giving me a thorough _4_ when I was a newborn baby.There was me and my brother standing in front of the worlds ugliest _5_ our favorite Christmas tree.There was my beautiful Mom _6_ me on her lap.Then the pictures seemed _7_ all of a sudden because my eyes were wet.I just couldnt _8_ t
25、he tears.“What is going on？”I _9_I hadnt cried the last time.But what was _10_ now?I soon saw that it was I who changed.I had _11_My spirit had walked a little further down the _12_ of love.I realized as long as they came with a warm heart，wet eyes were _13_ to be ashamed of.I smiled and I felt Mom
26、and Nana smiling _14_ on me from Heaven.Leo Buscaglia said：“Im not afraid of _15_They clean out my eyeballs.” I think they clean out our _16_ as well.They help us to wash away our pain，fear and grief(悲伤)They help us to _17_ our love and goodness.They help us to become who we are _18_ to be.The next
27、time you feel your tears starting，just let them _19_Life is full of smiles and tears.Only by allowing them both can we _20_ live.【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。再次看老相册时，作者重温了童年的一些美好回忆，并流下了眼泪。作者从而感悟到生活中充满欢笑和眼泪，只有允许它们两者都存在，我们才能真正地生活。1A.never BeverCalready DnearlyC 解析：根据下文的“many times before”以及“I hadnt cried the l
28、ast time.”可知，作者应该不止一次看过这些老相册，故此处表示作者之前已经(already)多次看过这些老相册了。2A.appeal BsadnessCfear DurgeD 解析：此处表示作者突然有再次看老相册的冲动 (urge)。appeal“恳求” ；sadness“悲伤” ；fear “害怕” 。3A.shaping BrelivingCescaping DbuildingB 解析：此处表示作者重温(reliving)了许多来自童年时期的美好回忆。shape“塑造” ；escape“逃避” ；build“建造” 。4A.bath BspeechChug DsurveyA 解析：根
29、据下文的“when I was a newborn baby”可知，此处表示作者还是个新生儿时，奶奶给她彻底洗澡，故选 A 项。5A.and BbutCor DasB 解析：空前的“the worlds ugliest”和空后的“our favorite”之间为转折关系，故用并列连词 but。6A.spinning BpossessingCholding DwalkingC 解析：根据下文的“on her lap”可知，此处应表示“我漂亮的妈妈把我抱着放在她的腿上” 。hold 意为“抱着； 托着” ，符合语境。spin“快速旋转” ；possess “拥有” ；walk“走； 遛 ”。7A.
30、beautiful BblankCabnormal DvagueD 解析：上文提到了作者正在看老照片，根据下文的 “because my eyes were wet.the tears”可知作者流泪了。根据常识可知，此处表示这些老照片变得模糊(vague) 了。beautiful“漂亮的” ；blank“空白的” ；abnormal “不正常的 ”。8A.fight back Bfight withCfight for Dfight againstA 解析：根据上文的“because my eyes were wet”和下文的“I hadnt cried the last time.But.”
31、可知，作者这次看老照片的时候哭了，此处表示作者遏制不住眼泪。fight back“忍住；抑制住” ，符合语境。fight with“与争斗” ；fight for“努力争取” ；fight against“对抗” 。9A.found BwonderedChesitated DdiscussedB 解析：作者以前看老照片没有哭，而这次看老照片却哭了。所以作者想知道(wondered)发生了什么。 find“发现，找到” ；hesitate“犹豫，迟疑” ；discuss“讨论” 。10A.heartbreaking BwrongCdifferent DdisturbingC 解析：根据下文的“I
32、 soon saw that it was I who changed.”可知，作者很快明白，是她自己和以前不一样了。故之前作者想知道的问题是“现在有什么是不同的呢” 。故选 C项。11A.grown BmisunderstoodCinsisted DstruggledA 解析：根据下文的“My spirit had walked a little further down the _ of love.”可知，此处应表示作者的心灵已经在爱的道路(path)上走得更远了一点了，即作者已经成长 (grown)了。12A.feast BpathCexpectation DcircleB 解析：参见上
33、题解析。feast“宴会” ；expectation “期望 ”；circle “圈子” 。13A.everything BsomethingCanything DnothingD 解析：根据上文的“as long as they came with a warm heart”以及下文的“I smiled”可知，该句表示含泪的眼睛没有什么(nothing)可羞愧的，只要它们伴随着一颗温暖的心而来。14A.forward BupwardsCdown DbehindC 解析：根据下文的“on me from Heaven”可知，此处表示作者感到妈妈和奶奶从天堂向下(down)冲着自己微笑。15A.
34、tears BfailuresCdeaths DillnessesA 解析：根据语境尤其是下文的 “They clean out my eyeballs.”可知，此处表示“眼泪清洗了我的眼球” ，故选 tears。16A.competence BinsideCidentification DdevelopmentB 解析：根据下文的“They help us to wash away our pain，fear and grief(悲伤) They help us to.to be.”可知，此处表示眼泪不仅清洗了我们的眼球，也清洗了我们的内心(inside)。competence “能力” ；
35、identification “辨认” ；development“发展” 。17A.look through Bclean outClearn from Dreconnect toD 解析：第一段提到老照片让作者的美好回忆重现，故这里应该是表示“眼泪帮助我们重新找回我们的爱和善良” 。reconnect to“重新连接 ”，在这里引申为“重新找回” 。look through“浏览” ；clean out“把清洗干净” ；learn from“向学习” 。18A.used BremindedCforced DmeantD 解析：此处表示眼泪可以帮助我们成为我们想成为的人。be meant to do“打算； 想要” 。19A.separate BstayCflow DdisappearC 解析：根据上文提到的眼泪的好处可知，此处表示下次你感觉到眼泪开始流的时候，那么就让它们流下来吧。故选 C 项。20A.truly BroughlyCgenerally DtentativelyA 解析：生活中充满笑和泪，只有允许它们都存在，我们才能真正地(truly)生活。roughly“粗略地” ；generally“大体上” ；tentatively“试探性地” 。
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