1、2023届北京市石景山区高三统一练习英语试卷第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I am never good at public speaking. Every time I was involved in a group project, I would always volunteer to be any role but the presenter. So, when my partner Emily offered to be
2、the _1_ of our project, I was overjoyed. Unfortunately, on the presentation day, Emily fell ill badly. She had to stay home to rest. I was worried that she may _2_ the presentation, so I called her. As I spoke to her on the phone, it became apparent that I had to step up and present our project. I w
3、as filled with _3_. By the time I hung up the phone, I could hardly breathe.I had no _4_ but to make an alternative plan. I tried to _5_ my nervousness and focus on the task at hand. Pulling out a piece of paper, I wrote whatever I could remember on it with great urgency. With that piece of paper, I
4、 stood outside the classroom door, waiting for my turn. I tried to be calm, but as time passed by, _6_ went through me and the waiting area seemed too small for me to _7_. When my name was called, I broke out into a cold sweat. In front of the judges, my hands failed in their attempts to remain _8_.
5、 All the while, my voice and hands were shaking. I tried to take shallow breaths and I felt I would fall apart anytime. Somehow, I _9_ to go through the entire presentation and deliver my speech as planned. _10_ my fear was not as hard as it seemed, and my alternative plan proved to be a success.1.
6、A. recorderB. speakerC. designerD. organizer2. A. changeB. giveC. analyzeD. miss3. A. reliefB. excitementC. anxietyD. shame4. A. resourceB. worryC. chanceD. choice5. A. push asideB. let outC. hide behindD. hold onto6. A. sadnessB. fearC. angerD. guilt7. A. restB. cryC. breatheD. sigh8. A. steadyB. f
7、lexibleC. gentleD. strong9 A. pretendedB. expectedC. refusedD. managed10. A. UnderstandingB. OvercomingC. AdmittingD. Expressing第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Nick was riding his bike along the Arching River when he noticed something _11_ (
8、usual) in the water. He took a closer look and saw a pair of fin-like things circling above the rivers surface. _12_ (confuse) by what he had seen, Nick took a video and posted it on the Internet. Days later, some researchers confirmed that he _13_ (spot) two dolphins the first cetacean (鲸目动物) sight
9、ed in this river since 2017and this suggested the efforts to restore the health of the river were paying off.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。As products of nature, shells have developed a bond with people since the period of cavemen, _14_ images in the cave paintings s
10、how them wearing shells. Today, in Fujian Province, experts are turning the natural gifts into shell-carved artworks by _15_ (integrate) techniques from jade and wood carving, as well as traditional Chinese painting. In 2021, a shell carving art museum was established, where the crafts history has b
11、een publicized. The experts hope they _16_ (explore) new techniques in the future to carry this ancient craft forward.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Since ChatGPTs launch in November last year, it has become an immediate hit that is both entertaining and alarming _17_
12、 (it) users. Given a command or question, the chatbot is able to return convincing essays, simple recipes and even life advice in a matter of _18_ (second). This impressive achievement _19_ (obtain) by a large language model. Many are wondering _20_ could be next for this technology and where the te
13、chnology could end up.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheres no place like homea place to put your feet up, relax and be yourself. But a brand new full-service private rental property named Homestead is redefining(重新定义) modern living, making you
14、feel at home.Freed from the small stuffRight from moving in, convenience is built into the process, with fully-furnished, high-quality apartments available for residents and access to all facilities of Homestead and Wi-Fi included in monthly rental cost. Feel at homeNot only are Homesteads apartment
15、s beautifully designed and furnished to create a sense of relaxation and luxury, but the shared spaces for residents to use and socialise infrom the inviting reception area to the landscaped roof garden and stylish private dining roomsall reflect a contemporary, high-quality reimagining of what rent
16、ing ought to be. Make hybrid work really workAs hybrid work, which focuses on the flexibility of working, is part of our lives now, the opportunity to shift between workspaces with ease is critical. Start the day catching up on emails in a stylishly-designed co-working space steps away from your fro
17、nt door, before taking calls on the outside platform or travel into your employers office when you need to.Be a people personLiving at Homestead means joining a community of like-minded people. Whether you meet neighbours on the roof garden or in the cinema room, or choose to network in the co-worki
18、ng space, making friends couldnt be more straightforward.Tap here for helpful services They say theres an app for everythingand in this case, there is an app with everything. The Homestead App gives you quick access to a range of bookable services, from ordering takeaway to dog walking to cleaning s
19、ervicesall right on your doorstep, meaning more time to actually enjoy the rest of your day.Visit Homestead and discover how full-service rental lets you make the most of homelike living.21. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To inform us of rental services.B. To advertise a rental property.C. To
20、 report on a different lifestyle.D. To sell multi-functional apartments.22. How does Homestead make hybrid work easier for its residents?A. By offering shared working spaces.B. By giving access to bookable services.C. By supplying a full set of office equipment.D. By providing training to improve ef
21、ficiency.23. What can we know from the passage?A. Residents can live an old-fashioned life.B. Homestead saves residents from buying furniture.C. Residents are required to join a social community.D. Homestead charges residents extra fee for using Wi-Fi.BI recently attended a wedding in a rural area i
22、n north Italy, and guests were provided with a car and driver for the 90-minute journey into the hills. That was exciting: A private car! I could pretend I was rich! Since Im not, though, I had no idea how much this trip actually cost. As a result, after our driver picked us back up at midnight, I s
23、ecretly worried all the way home about tipping him.I fished around nervously in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 note, which I was keeping for an emergency. I had nothing smaller. And I had nothing else to offer but two chocolates from the wedding. So, I could tip the driver that $100
24、 note or two chocolates. In the end, I chose the money. The whole matter of tipping has long been a source of awkward interactions and, for some travellers, mild anxiety throughout the world. Tipping customs vary wildly from country to country. A friend in Rome tells me that Italians get hurt by big
25、 tips. “Leaving a big tip is considered impolite,” she adds, “Ive had Italian friends make me take money back.” It reminded me of my 100-dollar tip. What if I had annoyed the driver? So I decided to call the car company and ask them to pass on a message to the driver apologizing for the improper tip
26、 and explaining the situation. To my surprise, the car company responded that the driver had actually called to express his gratitude for the unexpected big tip. He had apparently been having a tough week and the money had come at just the right time.I was astonished. All my worry had been for nothi
27、ng. What started out as a source of anxiety ended up being a heartwarming experience. I learned that sometimes its better to go with your feelings and be generous, even if it means taking a risk.24. What did the author realize when she dug around in her purse?A. She had spent 100 dollars on emergenc
28、y.B. She had to ask the driver for smaller changes.C. She had nothing but two chocolates to offer the driver.D. She had no smaller notes and might tip too high or too low.25. Why did the author mention the tipping in Italy?A. To compare different tipping customs.B. To share a personal story of her f
29、riend.C. To show the possibility of upsetting the driver.D. To demonstrate her rich knowledge on tipping.26. What was the drivers response to the tipping?A. He was annoyed by the large tip.B. He appreciated the authors generosity.C. He was grateful and refused the money.D. He was upset by the awkwar
30、d interaction.27. What can we conclude from the passage?A. Good things are possible when you follow your heart.B. Youd better think carefully before taking action.C. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.D. A penny saved is a penny earned.CRecently, a new discovery has been made in the field of biology
31、that challenges our previous understanding of the origins of life on Earth. For decades, scientists believed that life emerged in a warm, shallow pond, where a series of chemical reactions led to the creation of the first living cells. However, a team of researchers has now uncovered evidence that s
32、uggests life may have actually begun in a quite different environment.The discovery was made in a remote part of the ocean, where a team of scientists was exploring a hydrothermal vent (深海热泉) system located deep beneath the surface. Hydrothermal vents release superheated water and gases from the Ear
33、ths mantle (地幔). They create an extreme environment that is unfavourable to most forms of life, but home to a variety of unique organisms.As the scientists collected samples of the vents mineral-rich liquid, they noticed something strange. They discovered that it contained a complex network of organ
34、ic molecules (分子), including amino acids (氨基酸) and other building blocks of life. This was surprising, as hydrothermal vents were previously thought to be empty of life-supporting chemicals. However, the most striking discovery was yet to come. Analysis of the organic molecules revealed that they we
35、re not simply the product of chemical reactions in the vent, but rather had been produced by living organisms. This served as evidence of a lively ecosystem that was completely independent of sunlight and the surface world. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of the ori
36、gins of life on Earth. The warm pond hypothesis (假说), which has long been the dominant theory, suggests that life emerged in a relatively warm and damp environment. However, the new evidence from the hydrothermal vent system suggests that life may have actually begun in an extreme environment, where
37、 survival was only possible through the development of original biochemical pathways. The discovery also raises new questions about the potential for life to exist on other celestial bodies (天体). Hydrothermal vents have been identified on Saturns moon Enceladus and Jupiters moon Europa. The presence
38、 of organic molecules at these sites suggests that unique forms of life may exist. While this discovery is still in its early stages, it is already beginning to reshape our understanding of the origins of life and the potential for life on other planets. It is a testament to the power of scientific
39、exploration and the incredible complexity of life on Earth. As we continue to explore the depths of the ocean and the vast expanse of space, who knows what other surprises and discoveries lie in store.28. What did the scientists newly discover in the vents liquid?A. Superheated gases.B. A variety of
40、 minerals.C. Life-supporting chemicals.D. Complex forms of life.29. What can we learn from the passage?A. The warm pond hypothesis proves to be right.B. Organic molecules lead to chemical reactions.C. Forms of life were identified in the vents on other planets.D. Original biochemical pathways can oc
41、cur in severe conditions.30. What is conveyed in the last paragraph?A. Researches help us push the boundaries of technology.B. Scientists have addressed the limitations of the research.C. New discoveries inspire us to further explore the unknown.D. Researchers have confirmed the origins and complexi
42、ty of life.DMany of us may experience dinner-table debates. One common scene plays out as follows. You want to convince a friend or a family member of something you know they may disagree, and you share information and walk through your reasoning with them. Still, they reject your case. How do you r
43、eact when your powers of persuasion fail? You might dismiss the person who doesnt agree with your arguments as narrow-minded, foolish or otherwise out of touch with reality. The whole experience may feel like trying to guide someone on a journey when they refuse to follow. Psychologists have created
44、 a term, persuasion fatigue, to describe this form of frustration (懊恼).Persuasion fatigue may make it harder to successfully keep challenging conversations. Past research demonstrates that feeling frustrated can make you more resistant to changing your mind. It also shows that frustration may reduce
45、 your ability to recognize why your arguments dont succeed. Persuasion fatigue also explains why, when debates break down, people tend to blame their conversational opponent. As Mark Twain once wrote, “In all matters of opinion, our opponents are insane (愚蠢的).” In past findings, people generally rep
46、orted three times as many reasons why others faults led to failed debates rather than their own shortcomings. It is true that others are not always open to your ideas. Ending the discussion can therefore be the right thing to do. But in an overheated debate, your fatigue may lead you to misinterpret
47、 the situation and believe that your opponent is too stupid to see the truth. Fortunately, psychologists suggest some sound approaches to managing these situations and protecting your relationships.To reach your audience it may be essential to express your message in terms of their values, not yours
48、. Psychologists call this “moral reframing.” In fact, researches suggest that the simple act of acknowledging values of the people youre talking to telling them you understand where theyre coming from, even if you dont agreemay lead them to lower their defenses and open up a little to new arguments. Your fatigue may be even worse by thinking or assuming that debate is a zero-sum struggle that you win if, and only if, your opponent loses. But sometimes youre better off seeing an arg
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