1、2020 届高三年级第二次教学质量检测届高三年级第二次教学质量检测 英语试题英语试题 注意事项：注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本写在本 试卷上无效。试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本
2、试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分第一部分 阅读理解阅读理解( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 40 分分) ) 第一节第一节( (共共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30分分) ) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A New Yorks best classes for kids include sports classes, performing arts classes, art classes, language programs a
3、nd baby classes. Make sure your kids are ready for new adventures with these super-cool offerings! 92nd Street Y Classes At this institution your musician can learn how to play an instrument. After-school classes examine different musical pieces and encourage work in a group setting. At the end of t
4、he program, mini Mozarts can impress their family and friends at open-house performances. Plus, when theyre not jamming, kids can take advantage of homework help in the Clubhouse, where they are divided up by grade level. Ages 5-15. The Cliffs at LIC After a day of fighting the academic obstacle cou
5、rse at school, your favorite achievers can reach new heights on a rock-climbing wall. The Cliffs, offerings allow developing bodies to build muscle strength. For example, introductory sessions teach climbers how to tie safety knots (结) as well as other basics, mastering them with hands-on games and
6、activities. The Cliffs at LIC, Long Island City. Ages 6-18. Staten Island Skating Pavilion This large area maintains its year-round frosty temperatures for ice-skating fun. Courses are offered every day for a variety of interests and skill levels, and public and freestyle sessions are available for
7、children who want to spend some afternoons there without instruction. Ages 4 and up. West Side YMCA If your child wants to learn how to swim, youd be pressed to find more options than those offered at the Y. Kids are grouped by age and capability. The courses cover personal safety and stroke techniq
8、ues. If your offspring prefer dry land, the Y also offers dance, basketball and football. Visit website for class descriptions and detailed price information. Ages 5-18. 1. Who is the passage intended for? A. Elementary school teachers. B. Children around school age. C. Families looking for attracti
9、on. D. Parents with under-age children. 2. Which event will you attend for occasional academic help? A. The Cliffs at LIC. B. West Side YMCA. C. 92nd Street Y Classes. D. Staten Island Skating Pavilion. 3. What does Staten Island Skating Pavilion provide? A. A mini open-house performance at the end
10、of the program. B. Cold temperatures all the year round for ice-skating. C. Teaching of skating in divided groups according to their age. D. Introductory lessons on how to overcome the learning obstacles. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一则广告应用文。介绍几项面向青少年的培训班，包括乐器培训班，攀岩课、滑冰课、游泳课。 【1 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中
11、 Make sure your kids are ready for new adventures with these super-cool offerings!可 知， 确保你家孩子准备参与这些超级棒活动安排！ 由此可推知， 本文是写给家里有小孩的父母的。 故选 D。 2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 92nd Street Y Classes 部分中 Plus, when theyre not jamming, kids can take advantage of homework help in the Clubhouse, where they are divided up by gr
12、ade level.可知，当学员不多的时候，孩子们在 俱乐部可以得到家庭作业方面的帮助， 在那里他们按年级划分。 由此可知， 你可以参加 92nd Street Y Classes， 以获得偶尔的学术帮助。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据Staten Island Skating Pavilion部分中This large area maintains its year-round frosty temperatures for ice-skating fun.可知，这一大片地区保持了全年的霜冻温度，为滑冰提供乐趣。由此可知，Staten Island Skating Pavil
13、ion 为滑冰提供了全年的低温。故选 B。 【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/be likely to 等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作 者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。 如第一小题， 根据第一段中 Make sure your kids are ready for new adventures with these super-cool offerings!可知确保你家孩子准备参与这些超级棒的活动安排！由此可推知，本文是写给 家里有小
14、孩的父母的。故选 D。 B That morning， I dropped our eldest at kindergarten and returned home to let our two younger children play while I worked on my medical report. It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasnt making a difference in anyones life. I needed something that would stretch my
15、limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster(领养)mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately. On Monday morning, I picked up the phone and dialed the number I had googled for the nearest Department of Children Servi
16、ces. The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training, involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits , background checks, and seemingly endless steps. Five long mont
17、hs after we were approved , the phone Tang. In the middle of the night , I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Childrens Hospital- Our placement was waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition. It didnt take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six mo
18、nths later, her half-brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care. On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The childrens lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized. These two amazing children wer
19、ent going home, because they were already home. We are their forever family5 and they are our forever children. We may not be able to change the entire world, but we have changed the world entirely for our new children. 4. How did the author feel about her hospital work? A Unusually demanding. B. La
20、cking in motivation. C. Filled with challenges D. Packed with chances. 5. What led the author to decide to adopt children? A. She wanted to make a difference in other people. B. She felt sympathetic for abused children she knew. C. She felt confident about her ability to raise children. D. She exper
21、ienced training to raise children properly. 6. What does the underlined word “placement“ in Para.3 refer to? A. The child to be adopted. B. The need to get trained. C. The approval of adoption. D. The official at the hospital 7. Why did the author appear at the courtroom? A. To put the adopted kids
22、elsewhere. B. To receive another adopted child. C. To begin the kids5 adoption in her home . D. To make the adoption officially legal, 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D 【解析】 这是是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在医院有一份满意的工作，但是作者想要通过自己的努力来改善 他人的人生，于是走上了收养孩子的道路。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career
23、 in hospital wasnt making a difference in anyones life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster(领养)mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.”可知，作者能在家工作很好，但是作者意识到自己在医
24、院的工作不能让别人的生活发 生改变， 需要做一些事来拓展自己， 促使自己成长， 由此推断作者觉得自己在医院的工作缺少动力， 故选 B。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasnt making a difference in anyones life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home
25、. I could work from home, and become a foster(领养)mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately”可知，作者意识到在医院的工作并没有改变任何人的生活。她需要一些能拓展她的极 限，推动她成长的东西。故作者觉得自己的职业没有让他人的人生更有意义，于是希望挑战自己的能力， 为需要安全的孩子提供安全的成长环境，故作者收养孩子的原因是她想给别人的生活造成影响。结合选项， 故选 A。 【6 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中“Our placement was waiting
26、for us in the emergency room,sick and lack of nutrition. It didnt take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six months later, her half-brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care.”可知，语境说这个 placement 在医院的急诊室等待 作者，一脸的病态，并且营养不良。没过多久我们就意识到她的痛苦有多深。六个月后，她同
27、父异母的弟 弟应我们的要求来找我们。我们现在照顾五个孩子。故这里的 placement指作者准备领养的孩子，故选 A。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The childrens lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized.”可知，2016 年 8 月 12 日，我们一家七口走进一个小法庭。孩子们的律师和社会工
28、作者都在那里。只说了几句话，我们的 收养就完成了。由此推断，为什么作者出现在法庭上是为了使收养正式合法化。应选 D。 C The kakapo, a bird that lives in New Zealand, is not designed for survival. Weighing up to 4 kilograms, it is the worlds fattest parrot. It mates (交配) only when the rimu tree is in fruit, which happens every few years. It developed gradual
29、ly in the absence of land-based natural enemies, so instead of flying above the trees it walks like a duck across the dry forest floor. When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it, it will stand still. Such unusual characteristics turned it into fast food for human settlers, and for
30、 the cats and rats they brought with them. It seemed to have disappeared by the 1970s, until scientists came across two undiscovered populations in the countrys south. These survivors were eventually moved to small enemy-free islands, where researchers have spent decades trying to get them to breed
31、(繁殖). The scientists patience is finally rewarded. The rimu was in fruit this year, and more than 80 chicks hatched, making this the best breeding season on record. Many have survived into adolescence, increasing the number of adult kakapos by a third, to 200 birds. Another danger to the kakapo is a
32、 lack of genetic diversity. This is one reason why fewer than half of kakapo eggs hatch. By arranging the genome (基因组) of every living bird, scientists can identify closely-related individuals and put them on different islands. Every bird is fitted with something to track its slightest movement. If
33、a female mates with an “unsuitable” male, the process can be stopped. All these efforts cost almost New Zealand $1.3 million this breeding season. Yet the kakapos future still looks unsafe. Earlier this year a severe disease tore through the population. And tiny as the number of kakapos is, space is
34、 running out on the two islands where most of them live. New enemy-free settlement must soon be found. 8. Which of the following is a danger for the survival of the kakapo? A. It is the smallest bird in the world. B. It lacks exercise and usually stands still. C. It adapts slowly in genetic developm
35、ent. D. It cant respond actively when facing danger. 9. In what way may the scientists patience be rewarded? A. They hatched 80 kakapos eggs this year. B. They tried to make the rimu tree in fruit this year. C. Two survivors were moved to enemy-free islands. D. 50 chicks hatched have survived into a
36、dults this year. 10. Why did the scientists put kakapo in different islands? A. To stop closely-related kakapos mating. B. To increase the population of kakapo. C. To stop females mating with males. D. To hatch more kakapos eggs. 11. According to the author, the efforts to protect the kakapo in New
37、Zealand are _. A. successful B. unsafe C. doubtful D. inadequate 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. D 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们为了保护新西兰的一种濒临灭绝的鸟类鸮鹦鹉所作出的一些努力。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it, it will stand still. 可知，当它摇摇晃晃地穿过可能会杀死它的东西时，它会静止不动。由此可推知，当鸮鹦鹉面对危险时， 它不
38、能做出积极的反应，这对鸮鹦鹉的生存来说是一种威胁。故选 D。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 The scientists patience is finally rewarded. The rimu was in fruit this year, and more than 80 chicks hatched, making this the best breeding season on record.可知，科学家的耐心终于得到了回报。今 年的柚木结果了，80 多只雏鸟破壳而出，这是有记录以来最好的繁殖季节。由此可知，科学家们的耐心得 到了回报，今年有 80多只雏鸟破壳而出。故选
39、 A。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第四段中Another danger to the kakapo is a lack of genetic diversity. This is one reason why fewer than half of kakapo eggs hatch. By arranging the genome of every living bird, scientists can identify closely-related individuals and put them on different islands.可知，鸮鹦鹉面临的另一个危险是缺乏遗传多
40、样性。这就是为什 么只有不到一半的鸮鹦鹉蛋孵化的原因之一。通过整理每只活鸟的基因组，科学家可以识别出亲缘关系很 近的个体，并把它们放在不同的岛屿上。由此可知，科学家们把鸮鹦鹉放在不同的岛屿上，是为了阻止近 亲鸮鹦鹉交配。故选 A。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Yet the kakapos future still looks unsafe. Earlier this year a severe disease tore through the population. And tiny as the number of kakapos is, space is running
41、 out on the two islands where most of them live.可知，然而，鸮鹦鹉的未来看起来仍然不安全。今年早些时候，一种严重的疾病在鸟群中肆虐。 尽管鸮鹦鹉的数量很少，但它们生活的这两个岛屿上的空间已经所剩无几。由此可推知，作者认为保护新 西兰鸮鹦鹉的努力是不够的。故选 D。 D “ New and improved. ” These words are put in so many marketing campaigns that we tend to accept them as linked. But many new drugs arent an i
42、mprovement over the best existing drug for a given condition, and the fast drug-approval processes in recent years have added to the uncertainty about their advantages. A recent report in the British Medical Journal, “New Drugs: Where Did We Go Wrong and What Can We Do Better?, analysed the issue, T
43、he authors looked at 216 drugs approved between 2011 and 2017 ； 152 were newly developed, and 64 were existing medicine approved for new uses. Only 25% offered a major advantage over the established treatment, and fully 58% had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health-related
44、quality of life. “This doesnt mean theres no added benefit,“ lead author Wieseler said. “It just means we have no positive proof. Either we have no studies or have studies not good enough. ” Wieseler and her co-authors work for a German institute which evaluates new treatments and advises on whether
45、 the countrys health care system should pay a premium ( 占)for them. Such organizations , known as health technology assessment ( HTA) agencies, work a little differently in the US, says Sean Tunis，a researcher in Baltimore: “ If payers think a new drug isnt better than an existing drug， these agenci
46、es will require .that hospitals try the cheaper drug first. ” Germanys HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing standard. This isnt always practical For one thing, such studies can be expensive and time-consuming, with no guarantee of success. Secondly, it can discourage c
47、ompanies from attempting to develop new alternatives. This is already happening. Drug developers are increasingly focused on areas where there are no good treatments to compete with, such as rare diseases. This lack of meaningful data to guide patients is a major point of Wieselers paper- With accel
48、erated approval, there are more products approved, with a greater amount of uncertainty about risks and benefits. But there are other solutions besides drug trials. One idea is to require postmarket studies to track the effectiveness of newly approved drugsa step too often neglected. 12. What messag
49、e does the recent report convey? A. Many new drugs have no improved advantages. B. The approval processes for new drugs are too fast. C. Improved drugs have advantages over old ones. D. Before 2017 no improvement was made to drugs. 13. What will US HTA agencies do when no advantage is found in new drugs? A. Remove government premium on them. B. Get hospitals to use the cheaper drugs. C. Arrange financial support for the patients. D. Put new drugs on further trials and studies. 14. Whats the disadvantage of Germanys HTA trial dem
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