2020高考英语人教版一轮复习:必修一 Unit 4 课时作业(含答案解析)
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1、课时作业.阅读理解A(2019邯郸模拟 C)Have you ever noticed tiny raised areas on the branches of a tree?These may have been insects.These small insects feed on tree sap(汁液)Insects on urban trees are notably more abundant than those on rural trees.As a result,urban trees suffer from heavy infestations(害虫横行),and are
2、often unhealthy or die.To protect and restore urban trees health,we need to determine the factors that make these tree pests more successful in urban habitats.Living organisms interact closely with their environment.The warmer,more droughtstressed trees harbor more successful pests than cooler,less
3、droughtstressed trees.As cities and natural habitats become hotter and drier,damaging insects will become more abundant on urban trees.Trees within urban forests are valuable economically and for the environmental sustainability(可持续性)of the region.More than half of the worlds population lives in cit
4、ies.Across the globe,people are moving into cities at a faster rate than ever.Rapid growth may turn cities into places with harder conditions.Although cities are primarily made of buildings,roads,parking lots,and vehicles,there are still plants in them.The trees within a city are referred to as the
5、urban forest.Urban forests offer very big benefits to human and environmental health.They improve air and water quality, provide habitat for wildlife,cool down temperatures and beautify our environment.They make cities livable.However,being a city tree is not easy.Heat released by human activities i
6、s trapped in cities.As a result,temperatures in urban areas are often warmer than their surrounding rural areas.We call this urban warming or the urban heat island effect.Urban habitats are mostly made of surfaces of asphalt(沥青)and concrete.These surfaces reduce the amount of rainwater that reaches
7、tree roots.As a result,urban forests may suffer,which can negatively affect people and the environment.What can we do to restore urban forests?Regular irrigation when possible may help keep pest populations under control.Planting tree species that are suitable to handle heat and drought stress would
8、 also reduce the occurrence of insect pest outbreaks.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了城市中的森林使城市宜居,但是人类的活动对城市的树木产生了极大的影响,所以我们应该为保护城市树木采取行动。1What makes tree pests more successful in the city than in rural areas?AThe warmer and rainy habitat.BThe hotter and drier habitat.CThe cooler and drier habitat.DThe hotter and rain
9、y habitat.【答案】 B 细节理解题。根据第二段 As cities and natural habitats become hotter and drier,damaging insects will become more abundant on urban trees.可知,使城市中的害虫比农村地区更多的原因是越来越热和干燥的栖息地。故选 B。2Urban forests make cities livable by _.Aproviding people enough clean waterBimproving the living environmentCoffering p
10、eople economic benefitsDlowering the temperatures【答案】 B 细节理解题。根据第三段 They improve air and water quality,provide habitat for wildlife,cool down temperatures and beautify our environment.They make cities livable.可知,要通过改善居住环境使城市森林使城市宜居。故选 B。3According to the text,what results in the city trees suffering
11、?ANatural disasters. BInvisible forces.CHuman activities. DNatural evolution.【答案】 C 细节理解题。根据第三段主要讲了人类的活动对城市的树木产生了极大的影响,因此,城市森林可能受到损害,这也可能对人和环境产生不利影响。故选 C。4What would be the best title for the text?AThe Importance of the Urban TreesBHow to Protect the Urban TreesCUrban Trees Are in Great DangerDLets
12、Act for the Protection of Urban Trees【答案】 D 标题判断题。本文主要介绍了城市中的森林使城市宜居,但是人类的活动对城市的树木产生了极大的影响,所以我们应该为保护城市树木采取行动。故选 D。B(2018天津 D)Give yourself a test.Which way is the wind blowing?How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door?If your awareness is as sharp as it could be,youll have no tr
13、ouble answering these questions.Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults.A childs day is filled with fascination,newness and wonder.Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness.But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear;we are numb(麻木的)to new stimulation(刺激)
14、,new ideas.Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple,although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs.This blocks awareness.One chilly night when I was h
15、iking in the Rocky Mountains with some students,I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream.The students began complaining about how cold it would be.We reached the stream,and they unwillingly walked ahead.They were almost kneedeep when they realized it was a hot spring.Later they all
16、admitted theyd felt cold water at first.Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷)many of us have with naming things.I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird,immediately looked it up in field guides,and said,a “rubycrowned kinglet” and checked it off.They no longer paid attention to the bird and
17、never learned what it was doing.The pressures of “time” and “destination” are further blocks to awareness.I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant campground with just enough time to get there before dark.It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit,to take a moment to see whats around t
18、hem.I asked them what theyd seen.“Oh,a few birds,” they said.They seemed bent on their destinations.Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait.Next time you take a walk,no matter where it is,take in all the sights,sounds and sensations.Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new di
19、mension to your life.【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。跟儿童相比,成年人的观察能力有所退化。那究竟是什么阻碍了我们重新学习观察周围世界的艺术呢?作者给出了答案一是惯于预测,二是痴迷于命名事物,三是只想赶时间,到达目的地。作者建议我们花点儿时间去观察和等待,这样,我们就会看到生活的一个新的方面。5According to Paragraph 2,compared with adults,children are more _.Aanxious to do wonders Bsensitive to others feelingsClikely to develop unple
20、asant habits Deager to explore the world around them【答案】 D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults.(我们大多数人在孩提时代比成人后观察得更多)”可知,孩子们更渴望探索他们周围的世界,故答案为 D。其他三项无中生有。6What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?ATo avoid jumping to conclusions. BTo stop complaining al
21、l the time.CTo follow the teachers advice. DTo admit mistakes honestly.【答案】 A 推理判断题。该段中作者讲述了自己的一次经历学生听“我”说“我们”要过山里的一条小溪,他们就开始抱怨它很凉,不愿意往前走,但实际上这条小溪很浅,而且是温泉。作者想借此经历告诉我们不要草率下结论,与本段关键词 stop predicting 相符。故答案为 A。jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论;贸然断定。7The bird watchers behavior shows that they _.Aare very patien
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