2020-2021学年仁爱版英语八年级下全册各单元知识点梳理

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1、Unit 5 Topic 1Unit 5 Topic 1 You look excitedYou look excited 【重点词组】 1. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 2.one of +形容词最高级+ 名词复数 3. say thanks/hello/sorry/good-bye to sb. 向某人致谢/问好/道歉/告别 4. feel/taste/smell/look/sound/seem +adj. 5. seem to do sth. seem+adj. it seems that+从句 7. a ticket for/to sth. 一张的票 8

2、. lonely adj.孤独的 alone adj./adv.独自的，一个人的 9. because of+n./pron/v-ing 10. cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来 11. care for =take care of = look after 照顾 12. come into being 形成，产生 13. be full of = be filled with 充满 14. agree with sb.同意某人 15. make peace with sb.与某人和平相处 16. in the end =at last = finally 最后，最终 17. be p

3、opular with sb.受某人欢迎 词形变化 1.invite v.邀请 invitation n.邀请 2.disappionted adj.失望的，沮丧的 disappointment n.失望,沮丧 disappoint v.使失望 3.excite v.使激动，使兴奋 excited adj.兴奋的，激动的（修饰人） exciting adj.令人兴奋的，使人激动的（修饰物） 4.main adj.主要的 mainly adv.主要地 5.face n.脸，面部 facial adj.面部的 6.worry v.担心 worried adj.担心的，担忧的 重点句型 1.-How

4、 are you doing?你好吗？ -Very well.非常好。 2.What a pity!多么遗憾呀！ 3.How do the flowers smell? -花闻起来怎么样？ -They smell nice. -很好。 4.He seems a little unhappy. 他似乎有点不开心。 5.How did the music sound? 音乐听起来怎么样？ 6.Please say thanks to your mom for us. 请代我向你的妈妈致谢。 Unit 5 Topic 2 IUnit 5 Topic 2 Im feeling better now.m

5、 feeling better now. 【重点短语】 1.do badly in=be bad at 在某方面做的差 2.be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 3.have a talk with sb. 与某人交谈 4.be worried about=worry about 担心 5.take it easy 放松点，别紧张 6.fail the English exam 英语考试不及格 7.fail to do sth. 失败做某事 8.at ones age 在某人这个年龄时 9.tell jokes 讲笑话 10.sb. find/think it+adj. to

6、do sth. 某人发现/认为做某事是 11.be kind/friendly to sb. 对某人友好 12. wish to do sth./hope to do sth. 希望做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 13.whats more 而且 14.that 替代前面所提到可数名词单数或不可数名词 those 替代前面所提到可数名词的复数 15.be afraid of doing sth. be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事 16.as+adj/adv.原级+as 和一样 not as/soas (asas 否定形式) 17.make fa

7、ces 做鬼脸 18.refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 19.deal with/do with 处理，解决 20.go to the movies 去看电影 21.no longer=notany longer 不再 22.though/even though 虽然，尽管（不能和 but 连用，但可与 still，yet 连用） 23.be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 【词形变化】 1. sad adj. sadly adv, sadness n 2.almost/nearly adv. 几乎，差不多

8、 3. fair adj. 公平的 unfair adj. 不公平的 4.use v./n 使用/用途 useful adj. 有用的 useless adj. 无用的 5.usual adj.通常的，平常的 usually adv.通常 6.love v.爱,热爱 lovely adj.可爱的 7.help v.帮助 helpful adj.有用的，有益的 【重点句型】 1. Im sorry/glad to hear that. 听到这我很难过/高兴。 2. What seems to be the problem? 出了什么问题？ 3. Thank you for telling me.

9、谢谢你告诉我。 4. How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉怎么样？ 5. Im feeling better now.我现在感觉好多了。 6. Im feeling really sad because I failed the English exam. 我感觉真的很伤心因为我英语考试不及格。 7. Why dont you talk to someone when you feel sad? 当你伤心的时候为什么不和某人交谈下呢？ 8. Who do you want to make friends with? 你想和谁交朋友？ 9. There, there!

10、 It will be OK. 好了，好了！一切都会好起来的。 10. Are you OK today? 你今天好吗？ 11. I find it difficult to learn English well. 我发现把英语学好很难。 12. Dont worry, Ill help you with it.别担心，我会帮助你的。 13. Youre so kind to me. 你对我如此好。 14. How time flies! 时光飞逝！ 15.I live as happily as before. 我像以前一样幸福的生活。 16.It seemed that the peopl

11、e here were not so/as friendly as before. 似乎这儿的人们没有以前那么友好。 17. I was really upset and lonely.我今天真的很心烦和孤独。 18. Would you like to become my friend?你愿意成为我的朋友吗？ 19. I think I should have a talk with her.我认为我应该和她谈谈。 【重点语法】 原因状语从句 原因状语从句表示主句所发生的原因或理由。通常由 because, as, since 等词引导。e.g. Because I lost my cell

12、phone, I didnt call you yesterday. 因为我手机丢了，所以昨天没有给你打电话。 We chose Calvert to lead us as he said he knew the way. 我们选择让卡尔弗特带我们走，因为他说他认识路。 Since you are so young, you should be modest. 既然你这么年轻，就应该谦虚一点。 以上例子都是原因状语从句，但从从属连词方面来说，它们有区别。 1.because 语气最强，用于回答 why 的提问，从句可放于句首，也可放句尾，想强调什么，就把什么 放在句首。e.g. He didn

13、t come to school because he was ill. 他没去上学，是因为他病了。 Because they asked me to do it, I did it. 因为他们要我做，所以我做了。 2. as 和 since 语气较弱，用来表示非常明显的原因或者对方已经了解的原因，引导的从句一般要放 在句首。e.g. As he knew nothing about the matter, he kept quiet during the meeting. 因为他对此事一无所知，所以在会上什么也没说。 Since we have no money, we cant buy i

14、t. 既然我们没有钱， 就不能买它。 3. for 表示的原因不是直接原因，而是多种情况的推测，是一种补充说明，因此 for 引导的分句一般 不放在句首，属并列句。e.g. He wore more clothes, for it was cold. 因为天气很冷，他多穿了些衣服。 He was blamed for being late again. 他因再次迟到而受到责备。 副词或形容词的同级比较 大多数形容词或副词有比较等级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。 形容词副词的同级比较结构: 1.肯定句的句式结构。 A + be + as+形容词/副词原级+as+B: 表

15、示 A、B 两者比较程度相同，即“A 和 B 一样” 。e.g. This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 Diana sings as sweetly as her sister. 戴安娜唱得和她姐姐一样甜美。 2.否定句的句式结构。 A+ be+not +as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B: 表示 A、B 两者程度不同，即“A 不如 B 那么” 。e.g. Spring is not as/so cold as winter. 春天不像冬天那么冷。 She didnt sing so/as well that nig

16、ht as she usuallydoes. 那天晚上她没有平常唱得那么好。 3. 表示倍数， 如“一半/两倍/三倍/四倍/”相当于“half/twice/threetimes/four times/ . + as 形容词或 副词原级+as .”结构。e.g. The room is twice as large as that one. 这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。 The plane flew ten times as high as the kite. 那架飞机的飞行高度是那只风筝的十倍。 【话题写作】 每个人都不可能没有烦恼。当你有烦恼时, 请试着控制你的情绪, 因为情绪可以影响你生活

17、中的很多 方面。所以生活中我们应当相信自己, 笑对人生, 多与父母、朋友沟通。请展开你丰富的联想，写一 篇短文。 要求：意思连贯、通顺，词数在 6080 之间。 提示词语：feel happy, mirror, the best, help others in need, believe, have a nice day, express, feelings, talk with . 参考范文： Nobody can be happy all the time. When you become unhappy, you should try to control your feelings.

18、Because bad feelings can make you lose your friends and give you other bad effects. Here are some ways to make you feel better. (1)Look in the mirror and speak to yourself, “Im the best in the world. I can do anything.” (2)Do something for others. You will feel happy if you always help others in nee

19、d. (3)Smile when you get up in the morning and believe you will have a nice day. (4)Write down your thoughts, dreams or anything you want. Writing always helps you express your feelings. (5)Stay with your family. You may talk with your parents, relatives, friends and so on. Unit 5 Topic 3 Many thing

20、s can affect our feelings.Unit 5 Topic 3 Many things can affect our feelings. 【重点短语】 1.have a test 测试,测验 2 .get/be nervous 紧张 3.give a speech 做演讲 4.practice doing sth 练习做某事 5.be sick/ill 生病 6.be confident about 对.自信 7.in a bad/good mood 心情差/好 in good spirits 心情好 8.give sb a surprise=give a surprise

21、to sb 给某人一个惊喜 9.be proud of 为.感到骄傲 10.put on 穿上,上映 11.get /be ready for 为.做准备 12.fill .with. 用.把.填满 13.have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth 有困难做某事 14.some day 有一天(将来) one day 有一天(将来/过去) 15.remember to do sth 记得要去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 16.its+adj. for sb. to do sth 对某人来说做某事是. 17.think over

22、仔细考虑 18.make an important decision 做一个重要的决定 19.a sense of happiness 一种幸福感 20.follow ones advice 遵循某人的建议 take ones advice 采纳某人建议 21.take it easy. 放松点,别紧张。 22.in public 在公共场合 23.be crowded with 被.挤满 e to sb. 进入脑海,突然想出 25.be with sb. 和某人在一起 【词形变化】 1.relax v.放松 relaxed adj.冷静的,镇定的(修饰人) relaxing adj.轻松的(

23、修饰物) 2.decide v.决定 decision n.可数决定 3.silent adj.不说话的,沉默的 silence n.沉默 4.confident adj.自信的 confidence n.自信 【重点句型】 1.Is there anything wrong? 有什么问题吗? 2.I get so nervous when I give a speech. 当我演讲的时候我如此的紧张。 3.Lets give Michael a surprise! 让我们给迈克一个惊喜吧。 4.I think the moon can affect my feelings. 我认为月亮可以影

24、响我的心情。 【话题写作】 我们知道,天气会影响人们的情绪。 原准备的一场球赛,一次野餐,会因为一场大雨而泡汤,那时你的心情 如何?如果阴雨连绵长达数日,突然天空放晴,那时你心情又是如何?所以关注天气预报已成为人们生活 的一部分。请你根据以上内容,适当发挥,不要直接翻译,写一篇短文。 要求: 1. 意思连贯,语言通顺。 2. 可参考词汇:directly or indirectly(直接或间接地);arrange(安排);based on(根据);besides(而 且);indoors(室内) 参考范文: Weather affects all of us in one way or ano

25、ther, directly or indirectly. For example, good weather makes people happy. Bad weather makes people sad or sick. Besides, on a fine day, one can go out for a walk or play a game in the open air. On a rainy day, however, he can only stay indoors. In a word, weather is a part of life for all of us. 【

26、重点语法】 Unit 6 Topic 1 We are going on a three-day visit to Mount Tai. 【重点词组】 1.a seven-day holiday 七天的假期 2.go on a visit to sp. 去某地参观 3.decide (not) to do sth. 决定（不）做某事 decide on sth.决定某事 make a decision 做一个决定 4.the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式 5.on/over the phone 通过电话 6.book the train tickets 预订火车票 7

27、.the hard/soft sleeper 硬/软卧 8.raise money 筹集钱 9.borrow(借入) sth from sb.从某人那借某物 lend(借出) sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth.把某物借给 某人 10.look forward to doing sth. 期望做某事 11.hear from sb.=get a letter from sb=receive a letter from sb.收到某人的来信 12.on the first day of 在第一天 13.on the top of 在顶部 14.total cost 总花费 15.s

28、pend/pay/take/cost 的用法： Sb. spend some time/money (in) doing sth./ on sth. Sb. pay some money for sth. It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. Sth. cost sb. some money 16.interesting places= places of interest 名胜古迹 17.set/start out/off 出发 18.be in trouble 有麻烦，处于困境 【词形转换】 fort v.安慰，抚慰 n.安慰舒服 comforta

29、ble adj.舒服的，安逸的 2.Canada n.加拿大 Canadian adj.加拿大的，加拿大人的 n.加拿大人 3.proper adj. 正确的，恰当的 properly adv. 适当地，正确地 4.difficult adj.困难的 difficulty n.U困难 n.C各种困难 【重点句型】 1.I have some exciting news to tell you.我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。 2.It will take us a few days to get there by bike.骑自行车去那会花费我们几天时间。 3.I d like to boo

30、k some tickets to Mount Tai.我想预定一些四月十三日去泰山的票。 4.Why dont we put on a show to raise money .我们为什么不能办个展览来筹钱呢？ 5.Were going on a three-day visit to Mount Tai.我们将去泰山游玩三天。 6.How much does a standard room cost? 一间标准间花费多少钱？ 7.When are you going to start out? 你什么时候出发？ 8.How long does it take to take a train

31、to Mount Tai? 乘火车到泰山花费多长时间？ 9.When do you want them？你们什么时候需要他们? 10.Im looking forward to hearing from you.我盼望收到你的来信。 11.May I have your name and telephone number, please? 我可以知道你的名字和电话号码吗？ 【重点语法】 动词不定式 一、 动词不定式含义 动词不定式其构成形式为“to+动词原形” ，to 为动词不定式的符号，本身没有词义，有时还可以省略， 但还保留着动词的若干特征。动词不定式可以连同它的附属成分一起组成不定式短语

32、。因此，动词不 定式具有三大特点： 1.没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能单独作谓语； 2.动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语； 3.动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、 定语和状语。 二、 动词不定式的用法 1. 动词不定式作主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 To learn a language well isnt aneasy thing. 学会一门语 言不是一件容易的事情。 【注意】动词不定式作主语时，可以用先行词 it 作形式主语，而将不定式真正的主语置于后面。 To do more exercise is very ne

33、cessary every day. = It Its very necessary to do more exercise every day. 每天多做运动是很有必要的。 【拓展】Its + adj.+ ( for/ of sb.) + to do sth. Its impossible for us to finish the heavy task in such a short time. 我们在这么短的时间里完成这么繁重的任务是不可能的。 Its very nice of you to get me two tickets for the World Cup. 谢谢你为我搞到两张世界

34、杯的门票。 【温馨提示】如果句子中作表语的形容词表示事物的性质，如 important, necessary, possible, easy, difficult, hard, heavy 等，用 for 引出；如果句中的形容词表示人的特征、品德或意愿,如 kind, honest, careless, lazy, stupid, clever, foolish, polite, bad 等，则用 of 引出。 2. Its+名词（或名词短语）(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, ones duty,an honor, a shame, a good p

35、lace, no easy job .)+ to do sth. Its a pity to miss the early bus. 惋惜的是错过了早班车。 Its our duty to clean the classroom every day. 每天打扫教室是我们的义务。 3. 动词不定式作表语。动词不定式常表示将来的动作，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词。如 wish, dream, idea, task, purpose, duty, job 等。 My dream is to become a pilot in the future. 我的梦想就是将来当一名飞行员。 The mo

36、st difficult thing in life is to know yourself. 人生最难是自知。 4. 动词不定式作宾语。 能跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有：afford, agree, ask, begin, choose, decide, expect, fail, hope, hate, learn ,like, manage, mean, offer, plan, prepare, promise, refuse, want 等如： We agree to go to Beijing by plane. 我们答应乘飞机去北京。 I try to keep that in m

37、ind. 我努力记住这一点。 【温馨提示】用作宾语的不定式后面如有补语，可用 it 作形式宾语，把不定式放到句子的后部。在这 种用法中,常见的动词有 find, think, feel, make, consider, believe 等。 I found it very difficult to fall asleep in the noisy room. 我觉得在这个吵闹的房间里睡觉很困难。 I think it important to learn English well in college. 我认为在大学学好英语很重要。 5. 动词不定式作宾语补足语。 不定式作宾语补足语时,跟在某

38、些及物动词的宾语之后，对宾语作进一步的补充说明，并与该宾语构 成逻辑上的主谓关系。 这类及物动词常见的有： advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, consider, encourage, feel, force, find, hear, invite, let, make, mean, notice, order, require, teach, tell, watch, warn, watch 等。 Mr. Li often teaches his Japanese friends to cook Chinese food. 李先生经常教他的日本朋友做中国食物。 H

39、e invited me to have dinner with him. 他邀请我与他一起共进晚餐。 【温馨提示】 在某些使役动词后， 如 make, let, have 等和表示感觉的动词， 如 see, watch, notice, hear, feel 等，作宾语补足语的不定式须不带 o。 His parents make him do too much homework every day. 他的父母让他每天做大量作业。 I saw Miss Green walk into the classroom just now. 我刚才看见格林老师走进教室了。 6. 动词不定式作状语。不定式

40、用作状语主要表示目的、结果和原因，也可以表示条件、方式或比较。 (1) 用作目的状语 He went to see his teacher this morning. 今天上午他去看望他的老师了。 (2) 用作结果状语 The police searched the room to find nothing. 警察搜查这个房间，什么也没有找到。 The ice is thick enough to walk on. 冰很厚，能够在上面行走。 (3) 用作原因状语 Im sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你妈妈生病了我很难过。 7.动词不定式作定语。常位于被

41、修饰的名词(短语)之后，说明被修饰词的特征。 Can you come up with a good way to deal with this problem? 你们能想出处理这个问题的好办法吗？ 8. 动词不定式可以和疑问代词 who, what, which 及疑问副词 when, how, where 等连用，构成不定式 短语，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。 I dont know what to say. 我不知道说什么。 Can you tell me how to make a paper boat？你能告诉我怎样做一只纸船吗？ 9. 动词不定式的否定形式。 不定式的否定式通常是

42、将否定词 not 或 never 置于不定式之前，即构成 not to do 或 never to do 。 He told me not to open the door. 他让我别开门。 Take care not to break the glass. 小心别把玻璃杯打碎了。 I promise never to smoke again. 我保证再也不抽烟了。 【温馨提示】不带 to 的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上 not。如： The teacher made us not play computer games in class. 老师让我们不要在课堂上玩游戏。 【话题写作】 为自

43、己设计一个旅行计划，要包括下列问题： 1.想去哪？为什么？ 2.想在那儿待几天？ 3.怎么去？ 4.打算什么时候开始旅行？ 5.在这次旅行期间，打算做些什么？ 要求：意思连贯、通顺，词数在 6080 之间。 提示词语：countryside, air, food and vegetables, environment, fresh, quiet, poor, give, the school things. 参考范文： A Plan for a Trip Tomorrow morning, Id like to go to the countryside for a trip because

44、the environment there is quite good. The air there is fresh, and I can enjoy a quiet life. The food and vegetables are good, too. Im going to stay in the countryside for a week. I plan to go there by bike. In this way, I can take exercise as well. When I go there, Ill take some school things, like b

45、ooks, pens, pencils and soon. I decide to give them to the poor students in the countryside. And Ill try my best to help them with their study. I think Ill be very tired but Ill enjoy myself. Unit 6 Topic 2 知识梳理 【重点短语】 1.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 be busy with sth. 忙于某事 2.on vacation 度假 3.work out 算出,制

46、定,完成 4.in the center of 在.中央 5.cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 cant help doing sth 情不自禁做某事 6.one and a half hours = one hour and a half 一个半小时 7.be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇 be surprised to do sth. 惊奇于做某事 8.in all directions 四面八方 9.a parking lot 一个停车场 10. push ones way out 从人群中挤出来 11.at last =in the end =finally 最后,终于 12.be famous for 因为.而著名 be famous as 作为.而著名 13.have fun (in) doing sth. 从做某事中获得乐趣 14.thank goodness 谢天谢地 15.as soon as 一.就. 16.be full of. 满的,充满的 17.make a plan 制定一个计划 18.lie in 位于.内(指某一范围之内) lie on 与.紧挨着(接壤,不管