1、,PART 1,语法导学,PART 2,达标检测,Period Four GrammarEllipsis,PART1,语法导学,感悟规律 重点难点剖析,感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题,语法感知,1.句1和句4为简单句中的省略，句1中在first和second后省略了 ；句4中在becoming前省略了 。 2.句2,3和5为状语从句的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，或当状语从句的主语为it，而且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以把从句的 和_一起省略。,查看答案,degree,from,主语,动词,be,一、什么是省略 1.省略是一种避免重复、保持简洁的语法手段。 2.凡是缺少一个或一
2、个以上的必要语言成分，但在一定语境中能够独立存在，意义明确，并且能发挥交际功能的句子就是省略句。 二、省略的分类 (一)简单句中的省略 1.省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，常常省略主语，主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。,语法精析,(You) Shut up! 住嘴！ (It) Doesnt matter. 没关系。 2.省略宾语：当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致时，下句或后句常省略宾语。 Do you know Miss Gao? I dont know (her). 你认识高女士吗？ 不认识。,3.省略主语和谓语(或谓
3、语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。 (You come) This way，please. 请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语) (Have you) Got any ink? 你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分),(二)并列句中的省略 一般来说，在后一并列句中凡是与上文相同的成分通常都要省略。 My room is on the fifth floor，and hers (is) on the eighth (floor). 我的房间在五楼，而她的在八楼。 (三)复合句中的
4、省略 1.状语从句中的省略 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be 动词时，省略状语从句中的主语和be 动词。,Although (he was) hard-working，he couldnt earn enough to support him-self. 尽管努力工作，他的收入还是不够自己糊口。 The film is more interesting than (it was) expected. 这部电影比预想的有趣。 When (the grapes are) ripe，the grapes will be delicious. 葡萄成熟时会很好吃
5、。,2.定语从句中的省略 当关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时，这个关系代词可以省略。 Hes the man (whom/who/that) you can safely depend on.他是你能放心信赖的人。 There are many plays (that/which) Id like to see. 有很多我想看的戏剧。,3.宾语从句中的省略 在宾语从句中常省略连接词that，但当有多个 that 引导的从句时，第一个 that 可以省略，而其他的 that 常不可省略。 I think (that) it will clear up this afternoon and th
6、at they will come to say goodbye to us. 我认为今天下午天会放晴，他们会来向我们告别的。,三、其他的省略情况 (一)动词不定式的省略 1.当不定式在形容词afraid，anxious，eager，glad，happy，ready，willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。 You cant force him to answer the question if hes not ready to (answer the question). 如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。,2.某些使役动词，如：make，let，have等和感官动词，如：se
7、e，watch，notice，observe，hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不能省略。 We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom./She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态) 我们经常听见她在教室唱英文歌。,3.多个不定式并列时，从第二个不定式开始，可以省略不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，则不能省略to。 I told him to sit down and (to) wait
8、 for a moment. 我告诉他坐下等一会儿。 To go home or to stay at school during the weekend has not been decided. 周末回家还是待在学校还没有决定。,4.当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，to后的内容常可省略。常见的动词有agree，afford，expect，forget，hope，know，manage，pretend，remember，refuse，want，wish等。 I would do it for you，but I dont know how to (do it for you). 我愿意为你做这
9、件事，但是我不知道怎么去做。 5.介词but，except (除了) 前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式省略to。 All he could do was nothing but wait and see. 他所能做的只有等着瞧。,6.当不定式在be going to，be able to，have to，ought to，used to后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略，但要保留不定式符号to。 They didnt visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents). 他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。 名师
10、点津 省略的不定式内容若含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时，to后要保留原形的have或be。 类似这样用法的还有动词短语ought to，be going to，be about to，be supposed to，have to，used to及形容词glad，happy，pleased，delighted等。,(二)使用so，not等时的省略 在英语中，可以用so，not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。 Can you finish your work today? 你今天能完成工作吗？ I think so./I dont think so./I think n
11、ot. 我认为能。/我认为不能。,把下列各句中的画线部分补充完整 1.As scheduled，we took part in several instructive activities.(2016天津) _ 2.Video games can be a poor influence if left in the wrong hands.(2015湖南) _ 3.It is so cold that you cant go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.(2015江苏) _,高考链接,查看答案,As it was schedule
12、d,if they are left,unless you are fully covered,4.It might have saved me some trouble had I known the schedule.(2015江苏) _ 5.Children，when accompanied by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.(2014湖南) _,查看答案,if I had known,when they are accompanied,PART2,达标检测,当堂检测 基础达标演练,1.Although (order) t
13、o stop，the driver kept on driving as fast as he could. 2.He succeeded in solving all the problems as (expect). 3.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier，not (make) it more difficult. 4.He had a wonderful childhood when (travel) with his mother to all corners of the world.,.单句语法填空,查看答案
14、,ordered,expected,to make,travelling,5.When (offer) an important role in a new movie，Andy got a chance to become famous. 6.Though (tire)，they went on working in order to finish the task on time. 7.Some diseases are not at all dangerous if (treat) in time. 8. (be) I a teacher，I would be strict with m
15、y students. 9.Once (see)，it can never be forgotten. 10.What I want to do is (have) a good rest.,查看答案,offered,tired,treated,Were,seen,have,11.The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful. The burn was red and . 12.Just take a short break if you are tired. Just take a short brea
16、k . 13.Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students havent done a first aid course. Only some of the students have done a first aid course but .,.将下列句子改写成省略句,查看答案,she got from the iron,very painful,if tired,most havent,14.John will go abroad to travel but his brother will not go abroad to travel. John will go abroad to travel but . 15.She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone. She stood at the gate .,his brother will not,as if waiting for someone,查看答案,
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