1、Period Two Word power & Grammar and usagePart Language Focus.单词自测1fitness n健壮，健康；适合fit adj.适合的；健康的 v(使)适合 n合身2strengthen vt.& vi.增强；巩固strength n力量strong adj.强壮的，结实的3participate vi.参加，参与participant n参加者，参与者participation n参加，参与4deepbreathing adj.深呼吸的5positive adj.积极的；正面的；肯定的negative adj.消极的；反面的；否定的6gu
2、arantee vt. & n保证；担保7foolishness n愚蠢foolish adj.愚蠢的.短语默写1in_charge 掌管2be_supposed _to 应该3be_made_up_of 由组成4occur to sb 被某人想起，突然浮现于某人脑海5participate in 参加6drive away 驱赶；赶走1.occur vi.发生，出现语境感悟(1)(教材 P6)This means all the action occurs at one time，in one place.这就是说所有的演出都是在同一个时间、同一个地点发生的。(2)I suppose it
3、didnt occur to you to phone the police?我想你根本就没打电话报警吧？(3)It suddenly occurred to me that we could use a robot to do the job.我突然想到我们可以用机器人来做这项工作。归纳拓展sth occurs to sb 某人想起某事It occurs/occurred to sbthat 从句 某人想起即时跟踪 完成句子例如，中国很可能发生年轻劳动力的大幅度下降。A great decline in young workforce is_likely_to_occur_in_China，
4、for instance.他从来没有想到他会在教学事业上获得如此巨大的成功。It never occurred_to_him that he would make such a great success in teaching career.A good idea _ me suddenly.Aoccurred BhappenedCoccurred to Dhappened to答案 C解析 sth occur(s) to sb 某人突然想到某事； sth happen(s) to sb 某事发生在某人身上，某人遇上某事。2.strengthen v加强，巩固语境感悟(1)(教材 P9)Th
5、is is because laughter strengthens the heart and the lungs.这是因为大笑能增强心脏能力与肺活量。(2)The wind strengthened during the night.夜里风刮得更大了。(3)One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.一个观点是睡觉帮助我们增强新的记忆。(4)He helped me identify my strengths and weaknesses.他帮助我认清了我的优缺点。归纳拓展strength n力气，力量； 优势 ，强项bu
6、ild up ones strength 强身健体with all ones strength 竭尽全力strengths and weaknesses 长处和缺点即时跟踪 完成句子迈克通常每天早上跑步来强身健体。Mike usually runs every morning to build_up_his_strength我用尽全力推那辆车，可它根本就不动。I pushed the car with_all_my_strength，but it didnt move at all.Why do you choose to work in an international travel age
7、ncy?Well，you know，English is my_So it is my best choice.Astrength BtalentCability Dskill答案 A解析 根据后半句的进一步解释“So it is my best choice(这是我最好的选择)”可知，本空指的是“英语是我的强项” ，strength 在此意 为“优势，强项” 。3.participate vi.参加，参与，分担语境感悟(1)(教材 P9)As you laugh， the muscles participating in the laugh become active.在你大笑的时候，参与大
8、笑的一些肌肉会变得非常活跃。(2)We need some volunteers to participate in this project.我们需要一些志愿者来参与这项工程。归纳拓展(1)participate in 参加participate with sb in (doing) sth 同某人参与(做)某事(2)participant n参加者，参与者(3)participation n参加，参与即时跟踪 完成句子他经常分担我的痛苦。He often participates_with_me_in_my sufferings.众所周知，中国从来没有参加任何核军备竞赛，也从不在国外部署核
9、武器。It is widely acknowledged that never has_China_participated_in any nuclear arms race and never deployed nuclear weapons abroad.Tenna is always feeling lonely，for she never _ in social activities，let alone making friends.Acontributes BparticipatesCinvolves Dconcerns答案 B解析 contribute to 为 作贡献；parti
10、cipate in 参与，参加；involve oneself in 参与；concern oneself in.参与。注意 involve 和 concern 都是及物动词，要么用 be involved/concerned in，要么接 oneself 作宾语。1.in charge 主管，负责，掌管；在拘留中语境感悟(1)(教材 P6)The person in charge is the director.负责的那个人是导演。(2)He is the officer in charge of the investigation.他是负责这次调查的长官。(3)Harry will tak
11、e charge of the department while Im away.我不在时，Harry 将负责这个部门。归纳拓展charge n掌管；责任；控告 v指控；要价，收费；使充 电in charge of 负责，经管，照顾(后接被看管的人或物)in the charge of 由负责；由照料；由掌管 (后接看管或掌管这一行为的执行者)take charge of 负责；看管charge for 要价，收 费即时跟踪 完成句子父亲去世后他掌管了农场。He took_charge_of_the farm after his fathers death.他们收了多少修理费？How much
12、 did they charge_for_the repairs?Professor Smith is now _ the project，which was once _ Professor White.Ain charge of；in charge ofBin charge of；in the charge ofCin the charge of；in charge ofDin the charge of ；in the charge of答案 B解析 in charge of 负责，掌管，后接被看管的人或物；in the charge of 由负责，后接看管或掌管这一行为的执行者。2.b
13、e supposed to do sth 理应做某事语境感悟(1)(教材 P6)If you are an actor，you need to know where your character is supposed to stand on the stage.如果你是一个演员，你理应知道你扮演的角色在舞台上应站的位置。(2)You were supposed to have finished these exercises ten hours ago.你们十个小时之前就应该已经完成了这些练习。(3)Supposing she doesnt come，what shall we do?假设她
14、没来，我们该做什么？归纳拓展(1)be supposed to have done sth 理应已经做完某事(实际未做完)(2)suppose v认为；猜想；假设I suppose so (not)我想(不)会。suppose/supposing 引导 条件状语从句，相当于 if，表示 “如果，假 设” 。即时跟踪 句型转换You should have turned in your homework yesterday.You were supposed to have turned in your homework yesterday.Where can I find Martin？Dad
15、 is asking for him.He _ in the backyard chopping wood.Asupposes to stay Bis supposed to stayCsupposes staying Dis supposed staying答案 B解析 be supposed to do sth 理应做某事。1before 引导时间状语从句语境感悟(1)(教材 P7)If you want to be an actor，there are certain things you will need to know before you can be in a play.如果你
16、想要成为一名演员，在你可以参与演出前你要知道某些东西。(2)It will be one year before you finish the task.再过一年你才能完成任务。(3)It was seven days before everything returned to normal.过了七天一切才恢复正常。归纳拓展before conj.在之前，常用来引导时间状语从句，其句型如下：(1)It will be时间段before 从句(一般现在时)表示“要过多久才” 。(2)It was时间段before 从句(一般过去时)表示“过了多久才” 。即时跟踪 完成句子科学家们说可能还需要五、
17、六年的时间才能够在病人身上检测这种药。Scientists say it_may_be_five_or_six_years_before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.We still have a long way to go _ all the problems are finally solved in regard to the Yangtze River.Abefore Bsince Cunless Dthough答案 A解析 根据句意，before 在之前，符合句意。2the next time 引导时
18、间状语从句语境感悟(1)(教材 P9)The next time you feel upset or disappointed，do not worry.下一次你感觉沮丧或失望时，不要担心。(2)The next time/Next time you travel with your kids，remember to take some food and drinks with you.下一次你与孩子们一起旅行时，记着要带一些食物和饮料。归纳拓展(1)句中 the next time 用作连词，表示“下一次时” ，引导时间状语从句，相当于 When you feel upset or disa
19、ppointed the next time。the next time 可用于过去时态，也可用于表示将来情况；表示将来情况时，也可用 next time 替换。(2)表示“第几次 ”的短语，如 the first time，last time，every time 等，以及其他表示时间的短语，如 the moment，the second，the instant，the day，the year，the month以及副词 instantly，immediately，directly 等都可用作 连词，引导时间状语从句。即时跟踪 完成句子我相信您下次再来时，一切都会称心如意的。Im sure
20、 everything will be all right again the_next_time you come.一听到这伤心的消息，她就哭了起来。She burst into tears the_moment/the_second/the_instant she got the sad news.第一次见到她，我就知道我们会成为好朋友。I knew we would be good friends the_first_time I met her.一按按钮，机器就立即开动起来。The machine will start immediately the button is pressed
21、.单词拼写1Dont let the mistake occur(发生) again.2I like the two characters(人物) in the play very much.3Seeing the videos, memories of the past came flooding back，which further strengthened(加强) a firm bond to our school.4To guarantee(保证) its economic growth, China needs to deal with the population issue pr
22、operly, as its workers are getting older.5They welcomed the opportunity to participate(参与 ) fully in the life of the village.6He was the first singer I ever saw on the stage(舞台)7I consulted with a physician(内科医生) ，I hired a fitness(健康) coach, and I began to eat healthy meals.选词填空be in charge of，occu
23、r to，drive away，be made up of，be supposed to1The train leaves at eight oclock，and you are_supposed_to arrive half an hour earlier.2He was cruel because he wanted to drive me away3It occurred_to me that he was trying to hold back something.4Mr Zhang is said to be ill in hospital；who will be_in _charg
24、e_of your class?5Any substance is_made_up_of atoms whether it is a solid，a liquid，or a gas.完成句子1比尔在做大量的身体锻炼来增强他的力量。Bill is doing a lot of physical exercise to_build_up_his_strength2校方应该被指控校车超载。The school side should be_charged_with the overload of the school bus.3穿上了她最喜欢的衣服，小女孩非常兴奋。Dressed_in her fa
25、vorite dress，the little girl was very excited.4迈克尔从没有想过自己有一天能成为班里的尖子生。Not once did_it_occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.5约翰认为，用不了多久他就会为他的新工作做好准备。John thinks it_wont_be_long_before he is ready for his new job.单项填空1He suggested that management _to promote the pro
26、cess of the projects.Abe strengthenedBshould strengthenCwould strengthenDwould be strengthened答案 A解析 考查虚拟语气。suggest 在此表示“建议” ，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形” ，而且从句主语 management 与 strengthen 之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。2It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.Awhether BwhereCwhich Dthat
27、答案 D解析 句意：他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。It occurs to sbthat 从句，某人突然想起。3David is the current holder of the 5，000meter race world record，but there is no _ that he will win in the Olympic Games.Aguarantee BdenyingCsaying Dalternative答案 A解析 考查名词辨析。句意：大卫是 5 000 米长跑目前的世界记录保持者，但是不能保证他将在奥运会中获胜。guarantee 保证，担保，符合句意。denyin
28、g 否认；saying 谚语，格言；alternative 供选择的方法。4How long do you think _ the computer company brings out a new product?Ait will be before Bwill it be untilCwill it be when Dit will be that答案 A解析 考查语序与状语从句。句意：你认为这个电脑公司还要多久才能推出新款？插入语 do you think 后的宾语从句要用陈述语气；It will be 时间段before 从句，在之前还有多久，符合句意。5Native American
29、s from the southeastern part of what is now the United States believed that the universe in which they lived was _ three worlds.Amade of Bmade fromCmade up of Dconsisted of答案 C解析 A、B 两项表示构成物体的材料；consist of 由构成，无被动语态。be made up of 由组成(构成)。Part Grammar非谓语动词( )思维导图一、动词不定式和动名词作主语1动词不定式和动名词作主语的异同动词不定式和动名
30、词都可以作主语。动词不定式作主语多表示具体的或一次性的动作，动名词作主语则多表示抽象概念或一般性的动作或情况。To play with fire in the room will be dangerous.在房间里玩火是危险的。(指具体动作)Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火是危险的。(泛指玩火)2当动词不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，有些情况下该动词不定式前面还可以加“for/of代词(宾格)”结构，该代词作动词不定式的逻辑主语。It will take us half a day to participate in the activity.参加这项
31、活动将花费我们半天的时间。It is difficult for us to come up with a solution to the problem in an hour.对我们来说在一个小时之内想出这个问题的解决办法是困难的。3当动名词作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语。如在 It is no use/no good/not any use/not any good/useless doing sth 句式中，就是用 it 作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语。It is no use arguing with him.和他争论是没有用的。二、动词不定式、分词和动名词作定语1动词不定式作定语动
32、词不定式作定语，应位于所修饰词之后，也就是作后置定语。动词不定式常常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，其逻辑主语往往是句子的主语，故动词不定式作定语时往往用主动式。Do you have anything to do tonight?你今晚有什么事要做吗？(主动：do 的逻辑主语是 you)名师点津 (1)当被修饰的 词与动词不定式之间为被动关系时，若该动词是不及物动词，要根据句子的需要在动词不定式后加上适当的介词，这个介词的选用取决于被修饰词或动词不定式本身的要求。She is a very nice person to work with.她是一个很好共事的人。This is an imp
33、ortant issue to talk about.这是一个要谈论的重要话题。I need a pen to write with.我需要一支钢笔写字。(2)动词不定式 经常修饰下列名词：ability 能力，本 领；chance 机会；courage 勇气；intention 意向，意图；wish 希望，愿望； way 方法。As a comedian，I have the courage to make fun of myself.作为一名喜剧演员，我有嘲弄自己的勇气。(3)在由 only，first，last，next 以及其他序数词或形容词最高级修饰的词后，也常接动词不定式作定语。W
34、ho was the only one to stand up for us?唯一支持我们的人是谁？2分词作定语分词作定语，其逻辑主语是分词修饰的名词或代词。现在分词(短语)作定语，分词所表示动作发生的时间有两种：一是表示正在进行的动作，变为从句时需要用进行时态；二是表示经常性的动作或现在的状态，变为从句时用一般时态。而过去分词(短语) 作定语表示动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，或是没有一定的时间性。一般来说，如果逻辑主语与分词是主动关系，则选用现在分词；如果是被动关系，则选用过去分词。换句话说，及物动词的过去分词作定语，被修饰词与它之间是被动关系，表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，现在已经完成。而
35、被修饰词与现在分词之间是主动关系，表示动作与谓语动作同时发生，而且表示进行。The man standing by the window is our previous English teacher.站在窗边的那个人是我们先前的英语老师。(the man 与 stand 构成主动关系)An island is a piece of land completely surrounded by water.岛屿就是一片完全被水围绕的陆地。(land 与 surround 构成被动关系)名师点津 单个分词作定语，往往放在被修饰词之前；分词短语作定语，一般要放在被修饰词的后面。China is a
36、developing country.中国是一个发展中国家。The boy tripping over a chair is Toms younger brother.被椅子绊倒的那个男孩是汤姆的弟弟。3动名词作定语动名词作定语修饰名词，表示该名词的性质、功能等。He cant walk without a walking stick.没有拐杖他不能走路。Is there a swimming pool in your school?你们学校有游泳池吗？名师点津 动词不定式作定语表示将来的动作，现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作，过去分词作定语表示过去的动作或被动含义。现在分词的被动式作定语表示
37、正在进行的被动，动词不定式的被动式作定语表示将来的被动。The building to be built next year is our new teaching building.明年要建造的那座楼是我们的新教学楼。The school built last year is intended for the disabled children.去年建的学校是为残障儿童而建的。 The building being built now is our new teaching building.现在正在建造的那座楼是我们的新教学楼。三、动词不定式和分词作宾语补足语1动词不定式作宾语补足语英语中
38、有些动词能够接动词不定式作宾语补足语，常见的这类动词有advise，allow ，ask ，invite，order ，tell，want，wish 等。The doctor advised her not to eat too much sugar.医生建议她不要吃太多的糖。I wish you to watch the performance with me.我希望你和我一起去看这次演出。2分词作宾语补足语分词作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语是宾语。现在分词作宾语补足语时宾语与它之间是主动关系，过去分词作宾语补足语时宾语与它之间是被动关系。The little girl had the light
39、 burning all night long.这个小女孩一整夜都让灯亮着。(light 与 burn 之间是主动关系 )Ill have my hair cut.我要找人理发。(hair 与 cut 之间是被动关系)能跟过去分词或现在分词作宾语补足语的动词大致可分为以下几类：(1)make，get，have，keep 等使役动词，此类动词使用范围最广。The thief kept the money hidden in shoes.那个小偷把钱藏在鞋里。We need to get the machine repaired at once.我们需要立即找人修理这台机器。(2)see，hear
40、 ， feel，find 等表示感官和心理状态的动词。We saw Jack mourning his pet dogs death.我们看到杰克正在为他宠物狗的死感到悲伤。The mother cant stand seeing her baby left alone at home.那个母亲不能忍受看到她的宝宝被独自一人留在家里。We heard the old lady chatting with her neighbour.我们听到那位老太太正在和她的邻居聊天。名师点津 在“四看”(see， look at，watch，notice)“二听”(hear，listen to)“一感觉”(
41、feel)以及使役动词 make，have 后跟动词不定式作宾补时，要省略动词不定式符号 to。但变为被动结 构时， to 要加上。We heard the old lady chat with her neighbour.我们听到那位老太太和她的邻居聊天了。He was made to do exercise to improve his fitness by the doctor.医生让他锻炼身体以增进健康。.用所给单词的适当形式填空1Determining(determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an
42、 essential skill for our survival.2But unlike school friends，16year old Sarah is not spending halfterm resting(rest)3Dont only look at other people dance(dance)4The workers were made to_work(work)day and night.5Her library used to be a meeting(meet)place for all who loved books and liked to share kn
43、owledge.6Working(work) with the medical team in Africa has brought out the best in her as a doctor.7I myself went through this searching(search) process and found something that has changed my experience at college for the better：I discovered ASLAmerican Sign Language(美式手语)8This newness just left me
44、 wanting(want)more.9 “It was absolutely out of control, thousands of emails, people around the world sharing(share) their stories of travel.”10Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent(spend) with his students.单项填空1I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train
45、_(2017 天津高考)Acatching BcaughtCto catch Dto be caught答案 C解析 根据 I was watching the clock all through the meeting 可知， “我”要赶火车，同时，I 与 catch 之间是主 动关系，故选 C。2Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _ their valuable time.(2017北京高考)Asave Bsaving Cto save Dsaved答案 C解析 句意：为了节省乘
46、客宝贵的时间，许多航空公司现在允许乘客在网上打印登机卡。由句意可知，不定式短语作目的状语。3To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study _ in Australia in 2012.(2016浙江高考)Ahaving conducted Bto be conducted Cconducting Dconducted答案 D解析 句意：为了再讨论一下水污染的问题，我想让大家看一项 2012 年在澳大利亚进行的研究。a study 与 conduct 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语
47、。本题中 return to 是正式用语，表示“再讨论，重新处理(某个主题)”之意。4In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message _ within the work.(2016江苏高考)Ato hide Bhidden Chiding Dbeing hidden答案 B解析 句意：进行艺术评论时，你得假 设艺术家在作品中藏了一个 隐秘信息。四个选项都是 hide 的非谓语动词形式，关键看 a secret message 和 hide 是什么关系。它们是被动关系，故选 B 项 hidden 作后置定语。5Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother_ good care of at home.(2015陕西高考)Ataking Btaken Ctake Dbe taken答案 B解析 句意：李博士在非洲进行了两年的医疗服务，回来后看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好他很高兴。此处是“see宾语宾语补 足语”结构， 宾语补足语可以是 do，doing 或者 done。此 处 his mother 与 take good care of 之间是被动关系，故选 B
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